Chitosan-Based Nanocarriers for Nose to Brain Delivery

Aderibigbe, Blessing Atim; Naki, Tobeka

doi:10.3390/app9112219

Cited by 60 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Both methods proved that the nanotherapeutics were non-toxic, moreover, they were shown to exhibit anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects [ 75 ]. Chitosan NPs were also found to be safe for intranasal delivery [ 171 ], which is of utmost importance as nasal administration represents a high potential, yet simple and non-invasive way to circumvent the BBB [ 172 ]. For example, it was confirmed that intranasal administration of galantamine NPs did not lead to histopathological manifestations in the olfactory-bulb, neither in other brain regions including the orbitofrontal cortex, parietal cortex or hippocampus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Biodegradable, Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

2020

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects more than 24 million people worldwide and represents an immense medical, social and economic burden. While a vast array of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) is available for the prevention and possibly treatment of AD, applicability is limited by the selective nature of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) as well as by their severe peripheral side effects. A promising solution to these problems is the incorporation of anti-Alzheimer drugs in polymeric nanoparticles (NPs). However, while several polymeric NPs are nontoxic and biocompatible, many of them are not biodegradable and thus not appropriate for CNS-targeting. Among polymeric nanocarriers, chitosan-based NPs emerge as biodegradable yet stable vehicles for the delivery of CNS medications. Furthermore, due to their mucoadhesive character and intrinsic bioactivity, chitosan NPs can not only promote brain penetration of drugs via the olfactory route, but also act as anti-Alzheimer therapeutics themselves. Here we review how chitosan-based NPs could be used to address current challenges in the treatment of AD; with a specific focus on the enhancement of blood-brain barrier penetration of anti-Alzheimer drugs and on the reduction of their peripheral side effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Biodegradable, Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

2020

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“…The most explored biocompatible synthetic polymeric systems have been poly(glycolic acid) (PGA), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), poly(amino acids) and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide copolymers (HPMA) [26,57]. In addition to these synthetic polymers, carbohydrate based polymers, such as chitosan and derivatives, as well as poly(cyclodextrins), have also been studied for neuronal delivery [58][59][60][61][62].…”

Section: Polymeric Nanosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bhavna et al developed chitosan NPs loaded with donepezil, a drug commonly used to treat AD. The intranasal administration of 14 C-labeled donepezil-loaded NPs in rats resulted in a high percentage of radioactivity per gram in the brain tissue when compared to the drug solution [59,70]. To enhance NP delivery at the neurons, chitosan has also been functionalized with different neurotargeting ligands.…”

Section: Polymeric Nanosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking Barriers: Bioinspired Strategies for Targeted Neuronal Delivery to the Central Nervous System

et al. 2020

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Central nervous system (CNS) disorders encompass a vast spectrum of pathological conditions and represent a growing concern worldwide. Despite the high social and clinical interest in trying to solve these pathologies, there are many challenges to bridge in order to achieve an effective therapy. One of the main obstacles to advancements in this field that has hampered many of the therapeutic strategies proposed to date is the presence of the CNS barriers that restrict the access to the brain. However, adequate brain biodistribution and neuronal cells specific accumulation in the targeted site also represent major hurdles to the attainment of a successful CNS treatment. Over the last few years, nanotechnology has taken a step forward towards the development of therapeutics in neurologic diseases and different approaches have been developed to surpass these obstacles. The versatility of the designed nanocarriers in terms of physical and chemical properties, and the possibility to functionalize them with specific moieties, have resulted in improved neurotargeted delivery profiles. With the concomitant progress in biology research, many of these strategies have been inspired by nature and have taken advantage of physiological processes to achieve brain delivery. Here, the different nanosystems and targeting moieties used to achieve a neuronal delivery reported in the open literature are comprehensively reviewed and critically discussed, with emphasis on the most recent bioinspired advances in the field. Finally, we express our view on the paramount challenges in targeted neuronal delivery that need to be overcome for these promising therapeutics to move from the bench to the bedside.

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“…Among the polysaccharides (e.g., hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, and chitosan), chitosan (CS) NPs have been encouraged for intranasal administration owing to their positive-surface charge and mucoadhesive properties [ 182 ]. Naturally positive-charged CS can interact with the negatively charged mucosal epithelial cell membrane owing to its primary amine groups, thereby prolonging the residence time in the nasal cavity [ 183 ].…”

Section: Various Nanocarriers Containing Natural Compounds For Thementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Natural Compounds and their Nanocarriers in the Treatment of CNS Inflammation

et al. 2020

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Neuroinflammation, which is involved in various inflammatory cascades in nervous tissues, can result in persistent and chronic apoptotic neuronal cell death and programmed cell death, triggering various degenerative disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). The neuroprotective effects of natural compounds against neuroinflammation are mainly mediated by their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties that specifically promote or inhibit various molecular signal transduction pathways. However, natural compounds have several limitations, such as their pharmacokinetic properties and stability, which hinder their clinical development and use as medicines. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms of neuroinflammation and degenerative diseases of CNS. In addition, it emphasizes potential natural compounds and their promising nanocarriers for overcoming their limitations in the treatment of neuroinflammation. Moreover, recent promising CNS inflammation-targeted nanocarrier systems implementing lesion site-specific active targeting strategies for CNS inflammation are also discussed.

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Chitosan-Based Nanocarriers for Nose to Brain Delivery

Cited by 60 publications

References 104 publications

Use of Biodegradable, Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

Use of Biodegradable, Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

Breaking Barriers: Bioinspired Strategies for Targeted Neuronal Delivery to the Central Nervous System

The Role of Natural Compounds and their Nanocarriers in the Treatment of CNS Inflammation

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