Chitosan and lactic acid-grafted chitosan nanoparticles as carriers for prolonged drug delivery

Abstract

Nanoparticles of ~10 nm in diameter made with chitosan or lactic acid-grafted chitosan were developed for high drug loading and prolonged drug release. A drug encapsulation efficiency of 92% and a release rate of 28% from chitosan nanoparticles over a 4-week period were demonstrated with bovine serum protein. To further increase drug encapsulation, prolong drug release, and increase chitosan solubility in solution of neutral pH, chitosan was modified with lactic acid by grafting D,L-lactic acid onto amino groups in chitosan without using a catalyst. The lactic acid-grafted chitosan nanoparticles demonstrated a drug encapsulation efficiency of 96% and a protein release rate of 15% over 4 weeks. With increased protein concentration, the drug encapsulation efficiency decreased and drug release rate increased. Unlike chitosan, which is generally soluble only in acid solution, the chitosan modified with lactic acid can be prepared from solutions of neutral pH, offering an additional advantage of allowing proteins or drugs to be uniformly incorporated in the matrix structure with minimal or no denaturization.

Chitosan Nanoparticles: A Promising System in Novel Drug Delivery

“…Albumin encapsulation efficiency as high as 92% and 96% was attained for chitosan and LA-g-chitosan nanoparticles, respectively. 62) 3. Applications of Chitosan Nanoparticles 3.1.…”

Self-aggregated nanoparticles based on amphiphilic poly(lactic acid)-grafted-chitosan copolymer for ocular delivery of amphotericin B

“…The preparation of PLA-grafted-chitosan and its aggregation behavior have been well demonstrated in previous reports. 23,27,28 Given that this polymeric nanoparticle has a distinctive structure and may meet the above-mentioned requirements, its application as an ocular carrier for amphotericin B was investigated in this study.…”

Chemical Modification of Chitosan and Formulation of Its Nanoparticles for Protein Drug Delivery System

“…The solution was placed in petri dishes overnight for film formation. The film obtained as final product, chitosan-g-LA copolymer [8][9][10] .…”

“…The solution was placed in petri dishes overnight for film formation. The film obtained as final product, chitosan-g-LA-PEG copolymer [8][9][10][11][12][13] . Aqueous solution of TPP 5ml with concentration (0.01 % w/v) was added through a syringe needle into 10ml chitosan solution under stirring at room temperature.…”