Chitosan: A promising therapeutic agent and effective drug delivery system in managing diabetes mellitus

Sarkar, Sanjib; Das, Dibyendu; Dutta, Partha; Kalita, Jatin; Wann, Sawlang Borsingh; Manna, Prasenjit

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116594

Cited by 87 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…A study have shown that chitosan exerts its antidiabetic effect by inhibiting the expression of intestinal α-glucosidase, glucose transporters, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ [33]. In addition, Chitosan stimulates the secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1, which is a small peptide with insulin secretory effects and is produced largely in the gut and neurons located in the nucleus of the solitary tract in the brain stem [38]. Another study suggested that chitosan oligosaccharide prevents hyperglycemia by inhibiting intestinal glucose Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chitosan modifies glycemic levels in people with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis

Guo

Zhou

et al. 2020

Nutr J

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Background Chitosan supplementation has been shown to modulate glycemic levels; however, studies have reported conflicting results. The present meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis was conducted to verify the overall influence of chitosan on glycemic levels in patients with metabolic syndrome. Methods The PubMed, Cochrane library, and EMBASE databases were systematically searched for randomized controlled studies of chitosan intake and glycemic levels. Results A total of ten clinical trials including 1473 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled effect sizes were determined by random-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis was performed to analyze the sources of heterogeneity and their influence on the overall results. The results revealed a significant reduction in fasting glucose levels (SMD: − 0.39 mmol/L, 95% CI: − 0.62 to − 0.16) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (SMD: -1.10; 95% CI: − 2.15 to − 0.06) following chitosan supplementation but no effect on insulin levels (SMD: − 0.20 pmol/L, 95% CI: − 0.64 to 0.24). Subgroup analyses further demonstrated significant reductions in fasting glucose levels in subjects administered 1.6–3 g of chitosan per day and in studies longer than 13 weeks. Trial sequential analysis of the pooled results of the hypoglycemic effect demonstrated that the cumulative Z-curve crossed both the conventional boundary and trial sequential monitoring boundary for glucose and HbA1c. Conclusions The glucose level of patients who are diabetic and obese/overweight can be improved by supplementation with chitosan for at least 13 weeks at 1.6–3 g per day. Additional clinical research data are needed to confirm the role of chitosan, particularly in regulating glycosylated hemoglobin and insulin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study also have shown that chitosan can improve lipid metabolism related to diabetes [36]. Many researchers have focused on the combined, synergistic, or additive effects of these molecules to treat this complex metabolic disorder [35][36][37][38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan modifies glycemic levels in people with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis

Guo

Zhou

et al. 2020

Nutr J

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“…These analogs do not trigger strong inflammatory responses and possess similar behavioral characteristics under similar conditions [ 165 ]. For example, chitosan and alginate can tolerate acidic pH and do not show toxic effects during in vitro and in vivo studies [ 166 ].…”

Section: Applications Of Alginate In the Medical Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, sodium alginate is marketed as a weight loss supplement, either in standalone formulations or when incorporated into various foods. Capsules containing sodium alginate dissolve in the stomach and expand into a soft, gel-like solid, which remains stable in the gastric acid environment and maintains satiety for 6 to 8 h, after which it dissolves due to the neutral or alkaline environment in the small intestine [ 166 ]. In addition to increasing satiety, alginate inhibits gastrointestinal enzymes, reduces cholesterol and glucose uptake, and controls lipid digestion.…”

Section: Applications Of Alginate In the Medical Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alginate: From Food Industry to Biomedical Applications and Management of Metabolic Disorders

et al. 2020

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Initially used extensively as an additive and ingredient in the food industry, alginate has become an important compound for a wide range of industries and applications, such as the medical, pharmaceutical and cosmetics sectors. In the food industry, alginate has been used to coat fruits and vegetables, as a microbial and viral protection product, and as a gelling, thickening, stabilizing or emulsifying agent. Its biocompatibility, biodegradability, nontoxicity and the possibility of it being used in quantum satis doses prompted scientists to explore new properties for alginate usage. Thus, the use of alginate has been expanded so as to be directed towards the pharmaceutical and biomedical industries, where studies have shown that it can be used successfully as biomaterial for wound, hydrogel, and aerogel dressings, among others. Furthermore, the ability to encapsulate natural substances has led to the possibility of using alginate as a drug coating and drug delivery agent, including the encapsulation of probiotics. This is important considering the fact that, until recently, encapsulation and coating agents used in the pharmaceutical industry were limited to the use of lactose, a potentially allergenic agent or gelatin. Obtained at a relatively low cost from marine brown algae, this hydrocolloid can also be used as a potential tool in the management of diabetes, not only as an insulin delivery agent but also due to its ability to improve insulin resistance, attenuate chronic inflammation and decrease oxidative stress. In addition, alginate has been recognized as a potential weight loss treatment, as alginate supplementation has been used as an adjunct treatment to energy restriction, to enhance satiety and improve weight loss in obese individuals. Thus, alginate holds the promise of an effective product used in the food industry as well as in the management of metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity. This review highlights recent research advances on the characteristics of alginate and brings to the forefront the beneficial aspects of using alginate, from the food industry to the biomedical field.

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“…Indeed, mucosal adhesion of nanoparticles may prolong the retention time in gastrointestinal tract, hence enhancing membrane-penetrating processes [20]. Chitosan and chitosan-derivatives based nanoparticles are well recognized as promising drug delivery materials due to the inherent characteristic of chitosan in providing mucoadhesion influenced by electrostatic interactions and hydrophilic/hydrophobic contributions, which by turn may contribute in biological membrane translocation [21][22][23][24][25]. For instance, Yeh et al [26] showed that chitosan has the capability to open the tight junction of Caco 2 monolayer cells, thus reducing its transmembrane resistance and increasing the permeability of the cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Treatment of Fish Intestinal Parasites Applying Biocompatible Membrane-penetrating Oral Drug Delivery Nanoparticles

Mathews¹,

Patta²,

Madrid³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Nanodelivery of drugs aims to ensure drug stability in the face of adverse biochemical conditions in the course of administration, concomitant with appropriate pharmacological action provided by delivery at the targeted site. In this study, the application potential of nanoparticles produced with biopolymers chitosan-N-arginine and alginate as an oral drug delivery material is evaluated. Being both macromolecules weak polyelectrolytes, the bioparticle presents strong thermodynamic interaction with a biological model membrane consisting of charged lipid liposome bilayer, leading to membrane disruption and membrane penetration of the bioparticles in ideal conditions of pH corresponding to the oral route. The powder form of the bioparticle was obtained by lyophilization and with a high percentage of entrapment of the anthelmintic drug praziquantel. In vivo studies were conducted with oral administration to Corydoras schwartzi fish with high intensity of intestinal parasites infection. The in vivo experiments confirmed the mucoadhesive and revealed membrane-penetrating properties of the bioparticle by translocating the parasite cyst, which provided target drug release and reduction of over 97% of the fish intestinal parasites. Thus, it was evidenced that the bioparticle was effective in transporting and releasing the drug to the target, providing an efficient treatment.

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Chitosan: A promising therapeutic agent and effective drug delivery system in managing diabetes mellitus

Cited by 87 publications

References 129 publications

Chitosan modifies glycemic levels in people with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis

Chitosan modifies glycemic levels in people with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis

Alginate: From Food Industry to Biomedical Applications and Management of Metabolic Disorders

Efficient Treatment of Fish Intestinal Parasites Applying Biocompatible Membrane-penetrating Oral Drug Delivery Nanoparticles

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