Chitooligosaccharides are converted toN-acetylglucosamine byN-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase fromStenotrophomonas maltophilia

Suma, Katta; Ankati, Sravani; Podile, Appa Rao

doi:10.1111/1574-6968.12237

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This result corroborates the activity on pNP-GlcNAc demonstrated for NixG-8His (see above). This is also in agreement with its involvement in chitooligosaccharides utilization in Xcc (22) and with results obtained for its ortholog in the Xanthomonadaceae Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Hex, 45.8% identity with NixG at the amino acid level) (37).…”

Section: Nixf Is An Endo-␤-n-acetylglucosaminidase and Nixg Is An Exosupporting

confidence: 92%

The N-Glycan Cluster from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris

Dupoiron

Zischek

Ligat

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Eight glycoside hydrolases (GHs) encoded by genes belonging to one operon have been identified in the phytopathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas campestris. Results: Five of these GHs are involved in the sequential degradation of a plant N-glycan in vitro. Conclusion: This is the first evidence of N-glycan degradation by plant pathogen enzymes. Significance: Our results suggest that N-glycans may be metabolized by phytopathogenic bacteria.

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Section: Nixf Is An Endo-␤-n-acetylglucosaminidase and Nixg Is An Exosupporting

confidence: 92%

The N-Glycan Cluster from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris

Dupoiron

Zischek

Ligat

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…campestris GlcNAc CUT system participates in the catabolism of chitooligosaccharides. Interestingly, the NixG ortholog in the Xanthomonadaceae member Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Hex; 45.8% identity) was recently shown to be an exo-β- N -acetylhexosaminidase releasing GlcNAc from chitooligosaccharides up to hexamers (34). Growth of the Δ nixE-nixL strain on chitooligosaccharides was not abolished, suggesting that X. campestris pv.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Plant Pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris Exploits N -Acetylglucosamine during Infection

Boulanger

Zischek

Lautier

et al. 2014

mBio

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N-Acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), the main component of chitin and a major constituent of bacterial peptidoglycan, is present only in trace amounts in plants, in contrast to the huge amount of various sugars that compose the polysaccharides of the plant cell wall. Thus, GlcNAc has not previously been considered a substrate exploited by phytopathogenic bacteria during plant infection. Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, the causal agent of black rot disease of Brassica plants, expresses a carbohydrate utilization system devoted to GlcNAc exploitation. In addition to genes involved in GlcNAc catabolism, this system codes for four TonB-dependent outer membrane transporters (TBDTs) and eight glycoside hydrolases. Expression of all these genes is under the control of GlcNAc. In vitro experiments showed that X. campestris pv. campestris exploits chitooligosaccharides, and there is indirect evidence that during the early stationary phase, X. campestris pv. campestris recycles bacterium-derived peptidoglycan/muropeptides. Results obtained also suggest that during plant infection and during growth in cabbage xylem sap, X. campestris pv. campestris encounters and metabolizes plant-derived GlcNAc-containing molecules. Specific TBDTs seem to be preferentially involved in the consumption of all these plant-, fungus- and bacterium-derived GlcNAc-containing molecules. This is the first evidence of GlcNAc consumption during infection by a phytopathogenic bacterium. Interestingly, N-glycans from plant N-glycosylated proteins are proposed to be substrates for glycoside hydrolases belonging to the X. campestris pv. campestris GlcNAc exploitation system. This observation extends the range of sources of GlcNAc metabolized by phytopathogenic bacteria during their life cycle.

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“…Furthermore, CAZy analysis detected enzymes involved in the breakdown of fungal cell-wall components like β-hexosaminidases, exo-β-glucosaminidase and chitooligosaccharide deacetylases (Table 4, see Suppl. Table 6 for detailed information), that have been described to degrade chitin, chitosan and chitooligosaccharides (Mekasha et al 2016;Katta et al 2013;Zhao et al 2010). The RAST analysis further characterized in the genomes of T12-5 and T12-10 several genes u n d e r t h e s u b s y s t e m " C h i t i n a n d Nacetylglucosamine utilization" (data not shown).…”

Section: Resistance To Antibiotics and Production Of Antibiotic Compomentioning

confidence: 97%

Interaction between endophytic Proteobacteria strains and Serendipita indica enhances biocontrol activity against fungal pathogens

et al. 2020

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Aims Plants host communities of fungal and bacterial endophytes, establishing a complex network of multipartite interactions, but the mechanisms whereby they interact are poorly understood. Some fungi, such as the beneficial mycorrhiza-like fungus Serendipita (=Piriformospora) indica, can be helped by bacteria for establishment, survival and colonization. Although this fungus harbors a Rhizobium as an endofungal bacterium, we hypothesized that other bacteria might also establish associations with the fungus and combining S. indica with bacteria might enhance plant growth and health. Methods The interactions among S. indica and four e n d o p h y t i c P r o t e o b a c t e r i a b e l o n g i n g t o Methylobacterium, Tardiphaga, Rhodanobacter and Trinickia spp. were characterized in vitro and for their effect on tomato growth and biocontrol of Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani. Possible mechanisms behind these interactions were described based on genome and microscopic analyses, using fungal and bacterial strains tagged with fluorescent markers. Results All bacteria stimulated S. indica growth in vitro. Moreover, several of the bacteria stimulated growth of tomato plants, but co-inoculations with S. indica and bacteria did not perform better than single inoculations. Contrarily, combinations of S. indica and bacteria significantly reduced disease progression of fungal pathogens. These microbes seem to cooperate in the process of root colonization for instance by increasing fungal sporulation and hyphae expansion, showing multipartite interaction between microbes and plants. Interestingly, the strain of Trinickia internally colonizes spores of S. indica as an endofungal bacterium during in vitro-co-culturing, suggesting further that the fungus might acquire formerly unrecognized genera of bacteria and genome analysis of the bacteria revealed many genes potentially involved in fungal and plant growth stimulation, biocontrol and root colonization, highlighting putative mechanisms of plantfungal-bacterial interaction. Conclusions Our study represents an important step towards unraveling the complex interactions among plants, S. indica, endophytic bacteria and fungal pathogens, and indicates that adding bacteria to fungal inoculum could have a remarkable impact on the plantS. indica symbiosis.

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Chitooligosaccharides are converted toN-acetylglucosamine byN-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase fromStenotrophomonas maltophilia

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

The N-Glycan Cluster from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris

The N-Glycan Cluster from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris

The Plant Pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris Exploits N -Acetylglucosamine during Infection

Interaction between endophytic Proteobacteria strains and Serendipita indica enhances biocontrol activity against fungal pathogens

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