Chitobiose alleviates oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation by decreasing fatty acid uptake and triglyceride synthesis in HepG2 cells

Li, Xiao Dan; Zhao, Mengyao; Fan, Liqiang; Cao, Xuni; Chen, Liehuan; Chen, Junhui; Lo, Yuan-Hao; Zhao, Liming

doi:10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.058

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Hepatic steatosis can be induced in HepG2 cells by exposing cells to pathophysiological levels of oleic-acid (OA) to mimic the influx of excess lipo-toxicity of free fatty acids in hepatocytes [40]. To date there have been no reports published indicating anti-hepatic lipogenic effect in OA-induced HepG2 Cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical and Biological Characteristics of Mexican Chia Seed Oil

et al. 2018

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The purpose of this research was to investigate the chemical profile, nutritional quality, antioxidant and hypolipidemic effects of Mexican chia seed oil (CSO) in vitro. Chemical characterization of CSO indicated the content of α-linolenic acid (63.64% of total fatty acids) to be the highest, followed by linoleic acid (19.84%), and saturated fatty acid (less than 11%). Trilinolenin content (53.44% of total triacylglycerols (TAGs)) was found to be the highest among seven TAGs in CSO. The antioxidant capacity of CSO, evaluated with ABTS•+ and DPPH• methods, showed mild antioxidant capacity when compared with Tocopherol and Catechin. In addition, CSO was found to lower triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels by 25.8% and 72.9%respectively in a HepG2 lipid accumulation model. As CSO exhibits these chemical and biological characteristics, it is a potential resource of essential fatty acids for human use.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical and Biological Characteristics of Mexican Chia Seed Oil

et al. 2018

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“…In particular, the DP of COS is a very important factor in the study of structure–function relationship of COS. Chen et al reported that the oral bioavailability of chitobiose was higher than that of chitotriose at all doses (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg) examined [ 18 ]. In addition, it was found that chitobiose effectively protected rats from hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride and showed the most active antihyperlipidemia effect [ 19 , 20 ]. Moreover, it has been reported that the antibacterial activity required COS with a DP of at least 5, and the inhibitory effects improved with increasing DPs of COS [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Marine Chitosanase from Streptomyces niveus Suitable for Preparation of Chitobiose

Chen

Jiao

et al. 2021

Marine Drugs

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It is known that bioactivities of chitooligosaccharide (COS) are closely related to the degree of polymerization (DP); therefore, it is essential to prepare COS with controllable DP, such as chitobiose showing high antioxidant and antihyperlipidemia activities. In this study, BLAST, sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of characterized glycoside hydrolase (GH) 46 endo-chitosanases revealed that a chitosanase Sn1-CSN from Streptomyces niveus was different from others. Sn1-CSN was overexpressed in E. coli, purified and characterized in detail. It showed the highest activity at pH 6.0 and exhibited superior stability between pH 4.0 and pH 11.0. Sn1-CSN displayed the highest activity at 50 °C and was fairly stable at ≤45 °C. Its apparent kinetic parameters against chitosan (DDA: degree of deacetylation, >94%) were determined, with Km and kcat values of 1.8 mg/mL and 88.3 s−1, respectively. Cu2+ enhanced the activity of Sn1-CSN by 54.2%, whereas Fe3+ inhibited activity by 15.1%. Hydrolysis products of chitosan (DDA > 94%) by Sn1-CSN were mainly composed of chitobiose (87.3%), whereas partially acetylated chitosan with DDA 69% was mainly converted into partially acetylated COS with DP 2-13. This endo-chitosanase has great potential to be used for the preparation of chitobiose and partially acetylated COS with different DPs.

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“…Notably, ICAT overexpression did not affect oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation in cell membrane of Hela and HepG2 cells. It has been reported that Wnt/β-catenin signaling is not implicated in oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation [50,51], therefore, it is plausible that ICAT did not act in this model. The findings indicated that E2F1/ICAT mainly regulated initiation of pre-adipocytes differentiation at early stage and led to lipid accumulation, without affecting lipid content in mature adipocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

E2F1 Regulates Adipocyte Differentiation and Adipogenesis by Activating ICAT

Chen

Yang

et al. 2020

Cells

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Wnt/β-catenin is a crucial repressor of adipogenesis. We have shown that E2 promoter binding factor 1 (E2F1) suppresses Wnt/β-catenin activity through transactivation of β-catenin interacting protein 1 (CTNNBIP1), also known as inhibitor of β-catenin and TCF4 (ICAT) in human colorectal cancers. However, it remains unknown whether ICAT is required for E2F1 to promote differentiation by inhibiting β-catenin activity in pre-adipocytes. In the present study, we found that 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin (MDI)-induced differentiation and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes was reversed by activation of β-catenin triggered by CHIR99021, a GSK3β inhibitor. Intriguingly, we observed a reduced protein level of E2F1 and ICAT at a later stage of pre-adipocytes differentiation. Importantly, overexpression of ICAT in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes markedly promote the adipogenesis and partially reversed the inhibitory effect of CHIR99021 on MDI-induced adipogenesis and lipid accumulation by regulating adipogenic regulators and Wnt/β-catenin targets. Moreover, pre-adipocytes differentiation induced by MDI were markedly inhibited in siE2F1 or siICAT transfected 3T3-L1 cells. Gene silencing of ICAT in the E2F1 overexpressed adipocytes also inhibited the adipogenesis. These data indicated that E2F1 is a metabolic regulator with an ability to promote pre-adipocyte differentiation by activating ICAT, therefore represses Wnt/β-catenin activity in 3T3-L1 cells. We also demonstrated that ICAT overexpression did not affect oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation at the surface of Hela and HepG2 cells. In conclusion, we show that E2F1 is a critical regulator with an ability to promote differentiation and adipogenesis by activating ICAT in pre-adipocytes.Cells 2020, 9, 1024 2 of 15 generally believed that the increased number of adipocytes is mainly determined by the adipocyte differentiation process, termed adipogenesis [3]. Adipogenesis consists of a complex series of events in which both cellular and extracellular factors act together and lead to transformation to a mature, lipid-filled adipocyte from a fibroblast-like pre-adipocyte. Therefore, pre-adipocyte differentiation has been one of the well-known models used to study adipogenesis [4], and underlying mechanisms, due to its implication in metabolic syndrome, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and atherosclerosis [5].E2 promoter binding factor 1 (E2F1) is a transcriptional factor involved in cell cycle progression, cell differentiation, and apoptosis [6]. Several lines of studies show that E2F1 is a novel regulator of metabolic homeostasis [7][8][9]. Protein level of E2F1 is increased in the visceral white adipose tissue of obese human subjects and is positively correlated with development of insulin resistance, circulating free fatty acids level, and incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [7,[10][11][12][13]. In contrast, E2F1 −/− mice have a reduced fat accretion, increased insulin sensitivity, and a decreased circulating lev...

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Chitobiose alleviates oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation by decreasing fatty acid uptake and triglyceride synthesis in HepG2 cells

Cited by 29 publications

References 33 publications

Phytochemical and Biological Characteristics of Mexican Chia Seed Oil

Phytochemical and Biological Characteristics of Mexican Chia Seed Oil

Expression and Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Marine Chitosanase from Streptomyces niveus Suitable for Preparation of Chitobiose

E2F1 Regulates Adipocyte Differentiation and Adipogenesis by Activating ICAT

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