Chitlac-Coated Thermosets Enhance Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis in a Co-culture of Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Endothelial Cells

Abstract

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) represent a population of stem cells which could be useful in oral and maxillofacial reconstruction. They are part of the periendothelial niche, where their crosstalk with endothelial cells is crucial in the cellular response to biomaterials used for dental restorations. DPSCs and the endothelial cell line EA.hy926 were co-cultured in the presence of Chitlac-coated thermosets in culture conditions inducing, in turn, osteogenic or angiogenic differentiation. Cell proliferation was evaluated by 3–[4,5–dimethyl–thiazol–2–yl–]–2,5–diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. DPSC differentiation was assessed by measuring Alkaline Phosphtase (ALP) activity and Alizarin Red S staining, while the formation of new vessels was monitored by optical microscopy. The IL-6 and PGE2 production was evaluated as well. When cultured together, the proliferation is increased, as is the DPSC osteogenic differentiation and EA.hy926 vessel formation. The presence of thermosets appears either not to disturb the system balance or even to improve the osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation. Chitlac-coated thermosets confirm their biocompatibility in the present co-culture model, being capable of improving the differentiation of both cell types. Furthermore, the assessed co-culture appears to be a useful tool to investigate cell response toward newly synthesized or commercially available biomaterials, as well as to evaluate their engraftment potential in restorative dentistry.

N-Acetyl Cysteine Modulates the Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Responses of Rescued Growth-Arrested Dental Pulp Microtissues Exposed to TEGDMA in ECM

“…The use of NAC modulatory capabilities to alleviate the inflammatory and oxidative state of challenged pulp is part of a growing effort to facilitate the growth, healing, and function of the tissue [ 93 , 94 ].…”

Redox Control of IL-6-Mediated Dental Pulp Stem-Cell Differentiation on Alginate/Hydroxyapatite Biocomposites for Bone Ingrowth

“…Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) are secreted by DPSCs as anti-inflammatory cytokines. We previously reported that the inducible cyclooxygenase (COX2) is involved in the modulation of inflammation events in the presence of collagen membranes for periodontal bone and peri-implant defect treatments [23], and that PGE2 production can be involved in many differentiation processes, including osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation in the presence of biomaterials [19,24]. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of DPSCs during biomaterial integration after implantation are still poorly understood, and there is growing interest in studying the immunomodulatory effectiveness of DPSCs [25].…”

Decellularized Extracellular Matrices and Cardiac Differentiation: Study on Human Amniotic Fluid-Stem Cells

“…Cell viability and metabolic activity were measured using an MTT (3(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) growth assay (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA), as previously described [ 52 ]. The cultured medium was removed and washed once with 1X PBS.…”