Chitin synthase 2 is essential for septum formation and cell division in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Silverman, Sanford J.; Sburlati, Adriana; Slater, Martin L.; Cabib, Enrico

doi:10.1073/pnas.85.13.4735

Cited by 195 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…In this process a daughter cell (bud) forms through polarized growth from a particular site on the mother cell surface and remains connected to the mother cell through the bud neck that is stabilized by a ring of chitin in the cell wall [21]. After nuclear division, cytokinesis occurs through constriction of an actomyosin ring at the bud neck coupled with formation of the primary septum catalyzed by chitin synthase II [22,23]. Cell separation is accomplished through a cohort of cell wall remodelling enzymes [24,25].…”

Section: Fungal Morphogenesis -An Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yeast and fungal morphogenesis from an evolutionary perspective

Wedlich‐Söldner

2008

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology

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Cellular morphogenesis is a complex process and molecular studies in the last few decades have amassed a large amount of information that is difficult to grasp in any completeness. Fungal systems, in particular the budding and fission yeasts, have been important players in unravelling the basic structural and regulatory elements involved in a wide array of cellular processes. In this article, we address the design principles underlying the various processes of yeast and fungal morphogenesis. We attempt to explain the apparent molecular complexity from the perspective of the evolutionary theory of "facilitated variation". Following a summary of some of the most studied morphogenetic phenomena, we discuss, using recent examples, the underlying core processes and their associated "weak" regulatory linkages that bring about variation in morphogenetic phenotypes.

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Section: Fungal Morphogenesis -An Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yeast and fungal morphogenesis from an evolutionary perspective

Wedlich‐Söldner

2008

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology

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“…Similar to the b-1,3 glucan chains of the b-glucan layer, the b-1,4-linked glucosamine chains of the chitosan layer are synthesized by an integral membrane enzyme that binds nucleotide sugars in the cytoplasm and extrudes the polymer to the extracellular space (Orlean 1997). In vegetative cells, cell wall chitin is produced by three different chitin synthases: Chs1, Chs2, and Chs3 (Silverman et al 1988;Cabib et al 1989;Silverman 1989;Shaw et al 1991;Valdivieso et al 1991). During sporulation, chitosan synthesis is mediated solely by Chs3 (Pammer et al 1992).…”

Section: Membrane-cytoskeletal Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sporulation in the Budding Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2011

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In response to nitrogen starvation in the presence of a poor carbon source, diploid cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae undergo meiosis and package the haploid nuclei produced in meiosis into spores. The formation of spores requires an unusual cell division event in which daughter cells are formed within the cytoplasm of the mother cell. This process involves the de novo generation of two different cellular structures: novel membrane compartments within the cell cytoplasm that give rise to the spore plasma membrane and an extensive spore wall that protects the spore from environmental insults. This article summarizes what is known about the molecular mechanisms controlling spore assembly with particular attention to how constitutive cellular functions are modified to create novel behaviors during this developmental process. Key regulatory points on the sporulation pathway are also discussed as well as the possible role of sporulation in the natural ecology of S. cerevisiae. TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract 737Introduction 738

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“…Of these, sacChs2 appears to be the most important chitin synthase because disruption of the yeast CHS2 gene resulted in the non-viability of the yeast, though this depended on the genetic background of the strain (Bulawa & Osmond, 1990). In aberrant microcolonies, there seems to be no completed cell divisions (Silverman et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of canCHS1A, a variant gene of Candida albicans chitin synthase

Sudoh¹,

Watanabe²,

Mio³

et al. 1995

Microbiology

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A canCHSlA gene encoding the chitin synthase of Candida albicans was cloned. DNA sequencing and comparison with another canCHS7 gene described elsewhere indicated that the canCHSlA gene encoded a polypeptide with 775 amino acid residues, a protein with one less amino acid than that encoded by the canCHSl gene. A six-base alteration was observed between the two genes, suggesting that the canCHSlA gene is a variant gene of the canCHS7. The pH prof ile/activity relationship of canChsl A in permeabilized cells was identical to that of canChsl. The canChslA enzyme was competitively inhibited by polyoxin D (52 pM) and nikkomycin 2 (12 pM). When the cloned gene was expressed in a Sacchammyces cerevisiae chs2 mutant that exhibited aberrant morphology, the normal structure was restored. We conclude that the function of the canCHS7A gene is similar to that of sacCHS2 in S. cerevisiae.

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Chitin synthase 2 is essential for septum formation and cell division in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Cited by 195 publications

References 16 publications

Yeast and fungal morphogenesis from an evolutionary perspective

Yeast and fungal morphogenesis from an evolutionary perspective

Sporulation in the Budding Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Isolation of canCHS1A, a variant gene of Candida albicans chitin synthase

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