Abstract:The chiroptical properties of nonanuclear Tb(III) clusters are reported. The nonanuclear Tb(III) clusters are composed of nine Tb(III) ions, ten µ-OH parts, and sixteen chiral organic ligands, (±)-bornyl salicylate. Their chiroptical properties were estimated by circular dichroism (CD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). Their electronic structures were calculated using TD-DFT (B3LYP/6-31G(d)) method.
“…Three-dimensional display technologies and the motion picture industry use circularly polarized light to give the appearance of a third dimension . The polarization states of left and right circularly polarized light can also be used for information storage in quantum computing. , Circularly polarized light is used in circular dichroism, , and circularly polarized luminescent (CPL) molecules have been used to measure and understand the structure and chirality of biomolecules. − Given the utility and importance, it is not surprising that there has been a recent resurgence in research efforts aimed at developing chiroptical luminescent molecules, including organic dyes, − transition metals, − and many that involve a chiral lanthanide complex. − The properties of luminescent lanthanide ions have been exploited in the development of circularly polarized luminescent materials for decades. , …”
Materials that emit circularly polarized light have application in several important industries. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) with chiral components are attractive as solvents of luminescent lanthanides for the development of chiral light-emitting materials. Deep eutectic solvents are prepared with combinations of tetrabutylammonium (or tetrabutylphosphonium) chloride as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and amino acids, l-and d-glutamic acid, l-proline, and l-arginine as hydrogen bond donor (HBD). A racemic mixture of dissymmetric lanthanide (europium, terbium, and samarium) complexes is dissolved in the DES to measure the induced circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). This resulted in green, orange, and red CPL with a sign that is dictated by the enantiomer of the amino acid in the DES. Thermodynamic measurements show that changing the salt from tetrabutylammonium to tetrabutylphosphonium leads to a 50% increase in the enthalpy and entropy of chiral discrimination. This study demonstrates the capability of chiral DES as a solvent for chiral light-emitting materials and the ability to control this capability through the choice of HBA and HBD.
“…Three-dimensional display technologies and the motion picture industry use circularly polarized light to give the appearance of a third dimension . The polarization states of left and right circularly polarized light can also be used for information storage in quantum computing. , Circularly polarized light is used in circular dichroism, , and circularly polarized luminescent (CPL) molecules have been used to measure and understand the structure and chirality of biomolecules. − Given the utility and importance, it is not surprising that there has been a recent resurgence in research efforts aimed at developing chiroptical luminescent molecules, including organic dyes, − transition metals, − and many that involve a chiral lanthanide complex. − The properties of luminescent lanthanide ions have been exploited in the development of circularly polarized luminescent materials for decades. , …”
Materials that emit circularly polarized light have application in several important industries. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) with chiral components are attractive as solvents of luminescent lanthanides for the development of chiral light-emitting materials. Deep eutectic solvents are prepared with combinations of tetrabutylammonium (or tetrabutylphosphonium) chloride as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and amino acids, l-and d-glutamic acid, l-proline, and l-arginine as hydrogen bond donor (HBD). A racemic mixture of dissymmetric lanthanide (europium, terbium, and samarium) complexes is dissolved in the DES to measure the induced circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). This resulted in green, orange, and red CPL with a sign that is dictated by the enantiomer of the amino acid in the DES. Thermodynamic measurements show that changing the salt from tetrabutylammonium to tetrabutylphosphonium leads to a 50% increase in the enthalpy and entropy of chiral discrimination. This study demonstrates the capability of chiral DES as a solvent for chiral light-emitting materials and the ability to control this capability through the choice of HBA and HBD.
“…This red shift is primarily attributed to destabilization of the highest occupied molecular orbital level as a result of the complexation. 24 The 4f-4f transition of the Tb(III) ions (expected at 488 nm) was not observed because this transition is essentially forbidden by the Laporte rule (ε max o1 cm − 1 M − 1 ). 25 These clusters exhibited bisignate CD bands because of the π-π* transitions of the salicylate ligands (Figure 2b), the signs of which were dependent on the asymmetric centers of the organic ligands.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The largest g CPL values were observed at the 5 D 4 → 7 F 5 transitions (g CPL = ± 0.04) that were on the same order of magnitude as previously reported for Tb (III) complexes. 12,16,22,24 The large g CPL consequently leads to a large g CD , 9 and this is expected to give large transition magnetic dipole moments around the Faraday-active wavelength based on the 4f-4f absorption.…”
The chiral nonanuclear Tb(III) clusters [Tb-9(sal-(R)-Bt)(16)(mu-OH)(10)]+[NO3]-(Tb-(R)-Bt: sal-(R)-Bt=(R)-2-butyl salicylate) and [Tb9 (sal-(S)-Bt)(16)(mu-OH)(10)](+)[NO3](-)(Tb-(S)-Bt: sal-(S)-Bt=(S)-2-butyl salicylate) were found to exhibit a unique magneto-optical property: the Faraday effect. The clusters were composed of 9 Tb(III) ions bridged by 10 mu-OHs and 16 chiral salicylic acid esters. The Faraday rotation angle of Tb-(R)-Bt was greater than that of Tb-(S)-Bt, indicating that the Faraday effect was affected by the chirality of the Tb(III) clusters. The chiroptical properties of the Tb(III) clusters were estimated using circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence. In this study, a new finding concerning chiral magneto-optical properties was investigated
“…Lanthanide nanoparticles such as EuS and TbO X have also shown large Faraday rotations based on 4f–5d transitions . Recently, we reported multinuclear Tb III complexes showing large Faraday rotations, and have subsequently introduced chiral ligands into the Tb III cluster to optimize its unique characteristics as an inorganic–organic hybrid complex …”
Magneto optical devices based on the Faraday effects of lanthanide ion have attracted much attention. Recently, large Faraday effects were found in nano-sized multinuclear lanthanide complexes. In this study, the Faraday rotation intensities were estimated for lanthanide nitrates [Ln(III) (NO3 )3 ⋅n H2 O: Ln=Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm) and Eu(III) complexes with β-diketone ligands, using magnetic circular dichroism. Eu ions exhibit the largest Faraday rotation intensity for (7) F0 →(5) D1 transitions, and high-symmetry fields around the Eu ions induce larger Faraday effects. The molecular design for the enhancement of Faraday effects in lanthanide complexes is discussed.
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