Chiral Supraparticles for Controllable Nanomedicine

Abstract

Chirality is ubiquitous in nature and hard-wired into every biological system. Despite the prevalence of chirality in biological systems, controlling biomaterial chirality to influence interactions with cells has only recently been explored. Here, we present chiral-engineered supraparticles (SPs) that interact differentially with cells and proteins depending on their handedness. SPs coordinated with Dchirality demonstrated greater than three-fold enhanced cell membrane penetration in breast, cervical, and multiple myeloma cancer cells. We carried out quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation and isothermal titration calorimetry measurements to understand the mechanism of these chiral-specific interactions. Thermodynamically, D-SPs showed more stable adhesion to lipid layers composed of phospholipids and cholesterol compared to L-SPs. In vivo, D-SPs exhibited superior stability and longer biological half-lives likely due to opposite chirality and thus protection from endogenous proteins including proteases. This work showed that incorporating D-chirality into nanosystems enhanced uptake by cancer cells and prolonged in vivo stability in circulation, providing support for the importance of chirality in biomaterials. Thus, chiral nanosystems may have the potential to provide a new level of control for drug delivery systems, tumor detection markers, biosensors, and other biomaterial based devices.

Chiral Self-Assembly of Porphyrins Induced by Chiral Carbon Dots

“…The most important biological macromolecules in life, such as sugars, protein, and nucleic acids, are all chiral (Milton et al, 2016 ). Therefore, chirality is widely concerned in scientific research, including drug recognition (Zhou et al, 2018 ), physiological activities (Wei et al, 2014 ), material preparation (Chen et al, 2019 ), enantioselective reactions (Yutthalekha et al, 2016 ), and pharmaceutical science (Yeom et al, 2020 ). Nanomaterials have broad application prospects in biosensors and biomedical fields due to their surface effect and small size effect (Albanese et al, 2012 ).…”

Antitumor Activity In Vivo and Vitro of New Chiral Derivatives of Baicalin and Induced Apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway

“…Yeom et al. 44 found that d -forms of chiral drugs or excipients can better enter tumor cells. BAD may lead to a higher inhibition rate than BAL to the A549 cell line at 24 h due to its better access to tumor cells.…”

Confined space design by nanoparticle self-assembly

“…In fact, these novel D-chiral SPs, composed by Dcystein capped cobalt-oxide NPs, demonstrated higher resistance to enzymatic digestion and a more enhanced tumour killing efficiency with respect to L-chiral and racemic analogous SPs. 79 It is also clear that NP self-assembly, beyond providing a huge space to host molecular guests and enhanced porosity, produces complex SPs with efficient multifunctionality and often responsivity to exogenous (e.g., light, magnetic field, ultrasound, etc.) or endogenous (e.g., pH, enzyme, ionic strength, etc.)…”