Chiral response of Oryzeae and Paniceae plants in α‐methylbenzyl‐3‐p‐tolyl urea agar medium

Abstract

The results presented here support the hypothesis that plants of the tribe Oryzeae respond enantioselectively and homogeneously to optically active 1-alpha-methylbenzyl-3-p-tolylurea (MBTU) in root growth inhibition, in contrast to Echinochloa species. The Oryzeae plants tested in this study belong to different genera (Oryza, Leersia, Chikusichloa and Zizania), to different species (O sativa, O glaberrima, O alta, O coarctata, O latifolia, O minuta, O rufipogon), to various ecospecies of Oryza (japonica, indica, japonica x indica, javanica) and to different levels of evolution [cultivated rice (O sativa and O glaberrima) and ancestral wild rice species]. In spite of their different phylogenic status and diverse sensitivity, the root growth of all members of the genus Oryza was inhibited more by R-MBTU than by S-MBTU. Zizania palustris, Z latifolia, Leersia oryzoides and Chikusichloa aquatica belonging to the tribe Oryzeae exhibited similar chiral recognition to the Oryza plants, suggesting that Oryzeae have a common chiral recognition mechanism in their response to optically active MBTUs. In contrast, Echinochloa plants (E crus-galli (L) Beauv var crus-galli and E colonum (L) Link), belonging into subfamily Panicoideae tribe Paniceae, responded in a different way, where their root growth was more sensitive to S-MBTU than to the antipodal R-MBTU. A reverse chiral response between the tribe Oryzeae and the genus Echinochloa was clearly indicated in this study. This diverse response may be relevant to Gramineae classification.

Root growth profiles of Aveneae and Poeae plants in optically active α‐methylbenzyl‐3‐p‐tolylurea media

“…1998; Omokawa & Ryoo 2001; Omokawa 2002; Omokawa & Aonuma 2002). Moreover, a homogeneous chiral preference has been demonstrated among Oryzeae plants (Omokawa et al . 2004) or among Triticeae plants (Tanaka et al .…”

“…frumentacea Wight, Echinochloa crus‐galli (L.) Beauv var. crus‐galli , and Echinochloa colonum (L.) Link (Omokawa et al . 2004).…”

Enantioseparation and Enantioselective Analysis of Chiral Herbicides

“…Plants of the tribe Oryzeae respond enantioselectively and homogeneously to optically active 1-(C)-methylbenzyl-3-p-tolylurea (MBTU) in root growth inhibition. The root growth of the genus Oryza was inhibited more by R-MBTU than by S-MBTU (Omokawa et al, 2004).…”

Zizania latifolia Turcz. cultivated in China

“…In addition to some research having been carried out on the ecology of the wild species (Omokawa et al 2003;Wu and Yu 2004;Asada et al 2005a, b), much attention has been given to the cultivated and infected species, which has been given another name, Z. caduciflora (Turcz.) Hand.-Mazz., by some researchers (Jiang et al 1998(Jiang et al , 2005aZheng et al 1999;Qiu et al 2002;Liang et al 2004;Yu et al 2005), although it is not yet officially recognized by taxonomists Shu et al 1990;Chen and Shu 1991;Chen and Xu 1994).…”