Chiral Metal-Organic Porous Materials: Synthetic Strategies and Applications in Chiral Separation and Catalysis

Abstract

In the light of growing demand for chiral purity in biological and chemical processes, the synthesis of chiral metal-organic porous materials (CMOPMs) have become immensely important because of their potential applications in chiral separation and asymmetric catalysis. In this chapter, the synthetic strategies for CMOPMs are discussed briefly keeping the focus on their applications. Two distinct approaches have been taken to synthesize a wide variety of chiral structures with different topologies and accessible cavities. Several CMOPMs have shown catalytic activity and enantioselectivity toward a number of chemical transformations. On many occasions, the chiral pores of the MOPMs have been utilized in order to achieve separation of enantiomers from racemates. Recent applications of homochiral MOPMs in heterogeneous asymmetric catalysis and chiral separations are also presented here.

Metal–Organic Frameworks for Separations

“…For the selective adsorption and separation in MOFs, readers are also directed to several additional review articles. 81,85,99,100,102,104 Because of the absence of a standardized nomenclature for MOFs, we name all discussed MOFs, upon their initial appearance in this Review, by their empirical formulas expressing the metal, ligand, and their stoichiometry in the repetitive unit. Following the empirical formula, a code, used in the original literature, is given, and may be used in the subsequent discussion to refer to this MOF.…”

Synthesis of a Chiral Crystal Form of MOF-5, CMOF-5, by Chiral Induction

“…Chirality is an essential feature of life and plays a vital role in various chemical and biological processes. Chirality in crystalline materials manifests itself in applications such as enantio­selective separation, − asymmetric catalysis, − and nonlinear optical behavior . Metal–organic materials (MOMs) − can combine chirality and nanoscale porosity in a single material.…”

l-Cysteine-Modified Graphene Oxide-Based Membrane for Chiral Selective Separation

“…In racemic drugs, one stereoisomer has a drug effect, while its mirror image has no drug effect, the opposite effect, or even toxic side effects. The methods of chiral separation mainly include chemical, biological, mechanical, and membrane separation and crystal seeding and chromatography. − Among them, membrane separation is an emerging chiral separation technology such that how to prepare chiral membranes with high selectivity and high throughput at the same time is the focus of the current research. − …”