Chip-Scale Quantum Emitters

Abstract

Integration of chip-scale quantum technology was the main aim of this study. First, the recent progress on silicon-based photonic integrated circuits is surveyed, and then it is shown that silicon integrated quantum photonics can be considered a compelling platform for the future of quantum technologies. Among subsections of quantum technology, quantum emitters were selected as the object, and different quantum emitters such as quantum dots, 2D materials, and carbon nanotubes are introduced. Later on, the most recent progress is highlighted to provide an extensive overview of the development of chip-scale quantum emitters. It seems that the next step towards the practical application of quantum emitters is to generate position-controlled quantum light sources. Among developed processes, it can be recognized that droplet–epitaxial QD growth has a promising future for the preparation of chip-scale quantum emitters.

Theoretical investigation of optical integration between quantum dot emission and silicon nitride waveguides

“…Fortunately, we can simplify the problem by approximating QDSPS emission using classical electrodynamics as timeharmonic electric dipole radiation [3]. Electric field for time-harmonic Maxwell's equation can be written in form of electrical current density as shown in equation (1).…”

“…Quantum dot single photon source (QDSPS) is a promising technological platform for quantum light source that has various aspects of advantages including room temperature operation condition with low second-order correlation function [1], broadband emitting spectrum from ultraviolet to near infrared [1], fabrication with CMOS compatible process [2]. However, integrating QDSPS to a photonic chip has low fabrication tolerance due to its inherently positional dependence.…”

Emission Engineering in Monolithically Integrated Silicon Nitride Microring Resonators

“…The hybrid photonic integration approach increases the complexity of the fabrication. Additionally, with hybrid integration, quantum photonic integrated circuits (QPICs) face significant challenges such as scalability, stability, optical losses, and low coupling efficiency of emitters due to misalignment and a heterogeneous material interface in the system, hence leading to degradation of quantum optical properties. , To address the challenges linked to heterogeneous material architecture, the development of alternative monolithic platforms is sought. This includes exploring intrinsic emitters within the same material platform, facilitating efficient photon routing with low losses in the QPICs platform at a large scale with a simple fabrication process flow.…”