Chip-Based Magnetic Solid-Phase Microextraction Online Coupled with MicroHPLC–ICPMS for the Determination of Mercury Species in Cells

Abstract

Trace mercury speciation in cells is critical to understand its cytotoxicity and cell protection mechanism. In this work, we fabricated a chip-based magnetic solid-phase microextraction (MSPME) system, integrating a cell lysis unit as well as a sample extraction unit, and online combined it with micro high-performance liquid chromatography (microHPLC)-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) for the speciation of mercury in HepG2 cells. Magnetic nanoparticles with sulfhydryl functional group were synthesized and self-assembled in the microchannels for the preconcentration of mercury species in cells under an external magnetic field. The enrichment factors are ca. 10-fold, and the recoveries for the spiked samples are in the range of 98.3-106.5%. The developed method was used to analyze target mercury species in Hg(2+) or MeHg(+) incubated HepG2 cells. The results demonstrated that MeHg(+) entered into the HepG2 cells more easily than Hg(2+), and part of the MeHg(+) might demethylate into Hg(2+) in HepG2 cells. Besides, comprehensive speciation of mercury in incubated cells revealed different detoxification mechanisms of Hg(2+) and MeHg(+) in Hg(2+) or MeHg(+) incubated HepG2 cells.

Selenocystine against methyl mercury cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells

“…Besides small molecules mercury complexes, the dissociative MeHg + and the degradative Hg 2+ were also studied by on-line chip-based MSPME-microHPLC-ICP-MS 31 . As shown in Table S4, the concentrations of MeHg + and Hg 2+ increase along with the increase of incubation time and incubation ratio of SeCys 2 to MeHg, but the concentrations of them are very low.…”

“…For portion 3, it was diluted by 40 times and then subjected to the chip-based on-line MSPME-microHPLC-ICP-MS analysis for the determination of dissociative Hg species (10,000 cells per sample). The operation of chip-based on-line MSPME-microHPLC-ICP-MS was described in our previous work 31 .…”

Speciation Analysis of Trace Arsenic, Mercury, Selenium and Antimony in Environmental and Biological Samples Based on Hyphenated Techniques

“…A vortex assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method based on the freezing of deep eutectic solvent was developed by Akramipour et al [40] for the determination of organic and inorganic mercury in blood samples. Based on the principles of extraction, some other extracting methods have been developed including liquid phase microextraction (LPME) [41,42], solid phase extraction (SPE) [43,44], solid phase microextraction (SPME) [45,46,47,48], etc.…”

A Novel Electrochemical Aptamer Biosensor Based on DNAzyme Decorated Au@Ag Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Hg2+ Determination

“…, diverse analytical methods are developed, such as fluorescent, 5 surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), 6 colorimetric, 7 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) 8 and electrochemical ones. 9 Although each method has its merits, some complex operations and expensive instruments are required.…”