Chinese Jujube: A Developing Industry in Australia

Crawford, Rachelle; Shan, Fucheng; McCarthy, Alec

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2013.993.3

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Due to its higher tolerance for drought and salinity and lower demand for irrigation and fertilization, jujube is considered an important cash crop for arid and semi-arid regions [3,17]. Along with the large-scale commercial production in China and South Korea, it has been gaining eminence in the US, Australia, and other countries [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotyping of Jujube (Ziziphus spp.) Germplasm in New Mexico and Southwestern Texas

Sapkota,

Zhang,

Park

et al. 2023

Plants

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Since the early 19th century, a substantial amount of jujube (Ziziphus spp.) germplasm has been introduced from China and Europe into the United States. However, due to a lack of passport data, cultivar mislabeling is common and the genetic background of the introduced germplasm remains unknown. In the present study, a low-density SNP array was employed to genotype 204 jujube trees sampled from multiple locations in New Mexico, Texas, Missouri, and Kentucky. Multilocus matching of SNP profiles revealed a significant rate of genetic redundancy among these jujube samples. A total of 14 synonymous groups were detected, comprising 48 accessions. Bayesian clustering analysis and neighbor-joining tree partitioned the US jujube germplasm into two major clusters. The first cluster included cultivated genotypes (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), whereas the other major cluster comprised the wild/sour jujube (Ziziphus spinosa Hu.). The results also revealed a unique jujube population at Fabens/Tornillo, Texas, and a semi-naturalized population at Tucumcari, NM. These findings will provide valuable guidance to jujube growers and researchers on the effective utilization of jujube germplasm in the horticultural industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotyping of Jujube (Ziziphus spp.) Germplasm in New Mexico and Southwestern Texas

Sapkota,

Zhang,

Park

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…In addition, it is considered an ideal cash crop for arid and semi-arid areas due to its high tolerance to drought and salinity 1 . Historically, Chinese jujube has a large-scale commercial production in China and South Korea, recently, it has been gradually gaining prominence in Australia, the USA and other countries 3 . Chinese jujube has been cultivated throughout China except the northernmost province, Heilongjiang, and the far southwestern province of Tibet, with a cultivation area of two million ha 1 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Identifying the genetic diversity, genetic structure and a core collection of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. jujuba accessions using microsatellite markers

Gao

Du³

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Ziziphus is a genus of spiny shrubs and small trees in the Rhamnaceae family. This group has a controversial taxonomy, with more than 200 species described, including Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. jujuba) and Indian jujube (Z. mauritiana), as well as several other important cultivated fruit crops. Using 24 SSR markers distributed across the Chinese jujube genome, 962 jujube accessions from the two largest germplasm repositories were genotyped with the aim of analyzing the genetic diversity and structure and constructing a core collection that retain high genetic diversity. A molecular profile comparison revealed 622 unique genotypes, among which 123 genotypes were genetically identical to at least one other accessions. STRUCTURE analysis and multivariate analyses (Cluster and PCoA) roughly divided the accessions into three major groups, with some admixture among groups. A simulated annealing algorithm and a heuristic algorithm were chosen to construct the core collection. A final core of 150 accessions was selected, comprising 15.6% of the analyzed accessions and retaining more than 99.5% of the total alleles detected. We found no significant differences in allele frequency distributions or in genetic diversity parameters between the chosen core accessions and the 622 genetically unique accessions. This work contributes to the understanding of Chinese jujube diversification and the protection of important germplasm resources.

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“…However, Z. jujuba , a close relative of Z. mauritiana , is currently being considered as a potential fruit crop in cooler regions of Australia (Crawford et al ., ; Johnstone, ). If cultivation of Z. jujuba reaches commercial scale in Australia, it would be more likely in the southern states (Victoria, New South Wales and South Australia) and in the southern parts of Western Australia, which are climatically distinct from the warmer regions of northern Australia where the invasive Z. mauritiana populations currently occur.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological control of Ziziphus mauritiana (Rhamnaceae): feasibility, prospective agents and research gaps

Dhileepan¹

2017

Annals of Applied Biology

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The tropical fruit tree, Ziziphus mauritiana (Rhamnaceae), a native of the Indian subcontinent, is a pasture and environmental weed in northern Australia and Fiji. In their native range, Ziziphus spp., including commercially cultivated Z. mauritiana and Z. jujuba, are subjected to a wide range of pests and diseases. The feasibility of classical biological control of this weed has not been explored to date. Effective biological control could reduce plant vigour and seed output, thereby limiting the spread of Z. mauritiana in Australia. Two Ziziphus species are native to Australia, hence, any prospective biological control agent should be specific to Z. mauritiana. Opportunistic field surveys and literature searches identified 133 species of phytophagous insects, 9 species of phytophagous mites and 12 plant pathogens on Ziziphus spp. Host records suggest the following are possibly specific to Z. mauritiana and hence are prospective biological control agents in Australia: the seed-feeding weevil Aubeus himalayanus; the leaf-feeding gracillariid moth Phyllonorycter iochrysis; the leaf-mining chrysomelid beetle Platypria erinaceus; the leaf-folding crambid moth Synclera univocalis; the leaf-galling midge Phyllodiplosis jujubae; and the gall-mites Aceria cernuus and Larvacarus transitans. Host range of the rust Phakopsora zizyphi-vulgaris includes many Ziziphus species, including the native Z. oenoplia and hence would not be a suitable biological control agent in Australia. The powdery mildew Pseudoidium ziziphi, with a host range restricted to Ziziphus species, has not been reported on Z. oenoplia. All available information on the pests and diseases of Z. mauritiana are from cultivated varieties. Hence, future surveys should focus on wild Z. mauritiana in the Indian subcontinent in areas that are climatically similar to the regions of northern Australia, where it is currently most abundant.

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Chinese Jujube: A Developing Industry in Australia

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Genotyping of Jujube (Ziziphus spp.) Germplasm in New Mexico and Southwestern Texas

Genotyping of Jujube (Ziziphus spp.) Germplasm in New Mexico and Southwestern Texas

Identifying the genetic diversity, genetic structure and a core collection of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. jujuba accessions using microsatellite markers

Biological control of Ziziphus mauritiana (Rhamnaceae): feasibility, prospective agents and research gaps

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