Chinese, Italian and Sikh Ethnic Entrepreneurship in Canada: Implications for the Research Agenda, Education Programmes and Public Policy

Filion, Louis Jacques; Ramangalahy, Charles; Brenner, Gabrielle A.; Menzies, Teresa V.

doi:10.4337/9781845420635.00025

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…For ‘if they are successful, immigrant businesses can create jobs for others as well … creating jobs helps alleviate unemployment among immigrants’ (Rath and Kloosterman, 2003, p. 2). Such ‘networks of mutual aid’ (Martinelli, 2004, p. 66) help to integrate newcomers as well as serve as a customer base, source of advice and financial help for ethnic enterprises (Filion et al ., 2004; Menzies et al ., 2003; Middleton, 2005).…”

Section: Findings and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Macpherson, 2001, p. 79) Hence the ethnic group's social and cultural features are related to the opportunity structure available, in which ethnic entrepreneurs have to find possibilities to start a business and subsequently maintain or expand that business. (Martinelli, 2004, p. 65) Market disadvantages in terms of low entry for employment, underemployment, lack of recognition of qualifications, low cognizance given to the work experiences of Asians and perceived discrimination are significant contributors to ethnic entrepreneurship Barrett et al, 2003;Bonacich, 1973;Filion et al, 2004;Iyer and Shapiro, 1999;Light, 1972;Parker, 2004;Pio, 2005a;Sequeira and Rasheed, 2004). Such scholarship suggests that when mobility is blocked, 'entrepreneurship can act as an "escape route" from employer discrimination, implying greater participation in entrepreneurship for these individuals' (Parker, 2004, p. 115).…”

Section: Theoretical and Historical Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Market disadvantages in terms of low entry for employment, underemployment, lack of recognition of qualifications, low cognizance given to the work experiences of Asians and perceived discrimination are significant contributors to ethnic entrepreneurship (Aldrich and Waldinger, 1990; Barrett et al ., 2003; Bonacich, 1973; Filion et al ., 2004; Iyer and Shapiro, 1999; Light, 1972; Parker, 2004; Pio, 2005a; Sequeira and Rasheed, 2004). Such scholarship suggests that when mobility is blocked, ‘entrepreneurship can act as an “escape route” from employer discrimination, implying greater participation in entrepreneurship for these individuals’ (Parker, 2004, p. 115).…”

Section: Theoretical and Historical Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethnic Entrepreneurship Among Indian Women in New Zealand: A Bittersweet Process

Pio

2007

Gender Work & Organization

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This research article explores the lived-in and lived-through experiences of Indian women entrepreneurs in New Zealand in the context of ethnic entrepreneurship. Through a four-stage model emerging from qualitative interviews, the article illuminates the bittersweet entrepreneurial process of ethnic minority migrant women. The four stages are: the low permeability for entry into the job market for ethnic minority migrant women; underemployment; setting up a micro-enterprise and expanding the business and creating employment for others, primarily co-ethnics as well as an expanding customer base. A combination of factors ranging from perceived discrimination, low self esteem and feelings of being devalued, to ethnic networks and lack of access/knowledge of government resources and the entry of women from Indian business families feed into each of the four stages of this model. The article offers an analysis of minority voices, along with implications for future research.

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