China's (uneven) progress against poverty

Ravallion, Martin; Chen, Shaohua

doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2005.07.003

Cited by 859 publications

(542 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In the near future, it is likely that China will pursue continued economic growth in an attempt to reduce poverty and improve quality of life (4). In the context of this study, this leaves efficiency improvements or structural changes in production and consumption as the only methods to reduce energy consumption and emissions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

China's Growing CO₂ EmissionsA Race between Increasing Consumption and Efficiency Gains

Peters

Weber

Guan

et al. 2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

504

296

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China's rapidly growing economy and energy consumption are creating serious environmental problems on both local and global scales. Understanding the key drivers behind China's growing energy consumption and the associated CO 2 emissions is critical for the development of global climate policies and provides insight into how other emerging economies may develop a low emissions future. Using recently released Chinese economic inputoutput data and structural decomposition analysis we analyze how changes in China's technology, economic structure, urbanization, and lifestyles affect CO 2 emissions. We find that infrastructure construction and urban household consumption, both in turn driven by urbanization and lifestyle changes, have outpaced efficiency improvements in the growth of CO 2 emissions. Net trade had a small effect on total emissions due to equal, but significant, growth in emissions from the production of exports and emissions avoided by imports. Technology and efficiency improvements have only partially offset consumption growth, but there remains considerable untapped potential to reduce emissions by improving both production and consumption systems. As China continues to rapidly develop there is an opportunity to further implement and extend policies, such as the Circular Economy, that will help China avoid the high emissions path taken by today's developed countries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

China's Growing CO₂ EmissionsA Race between Increasing Consumption and Efficiency Gains

Peters

Weber

Guan

et al. 2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

504

296

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“…Since the beginning of the economic reforms in the late 1970s, China has experienced rapid economic growth. This macroeconomic development has been accompanied by a dramatic reduction in absolute rural poverty at the individual level (Ravallion & Chen, 2007). Much of the debate on poverty, both past and current, has focused on the possibility that poverty is a condition that only affects few households.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Poverty in Rural China: Where, Why, and How to Escape?

et al. 2012

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Using rural household panel data from three Chinese provinces, this paper identifies determinants of long-term poverty and tests the duration dependence on the probability to leave poverty. Special emphasis is given to the selection of the poverty line and inter-regional differences across provinces. Results suggest that the majority of population seems to be only temporary poor. However, the probability to leave poverty for those who were poor is differently affected by poverty duration across provinces ranging from no duration dependence in Zhejiang to highly significant duration dependence in Yunnan. The number of non-working family members, education, and several village characteristics seem to be the most important covariates. Terms of use: Documents in

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“…Economic growth of about 9 percent per annum since the late 1970s has helped to lift several hundred million people out of absolute poverty. Over the past two decades of reform, the proportion of the population living in poverty fell from 64 percent in 1981 to 10 percent in 2004, with the reduction in poverty greatest in China's coastal and central regions where economic growth has been fastest (Ravallion and Chen, 2007;Chen and Ravallion, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of these poor reside in western (inland) China and are concentrated in remote townships and villages, often in mountainous areas with low rainfall, or lands with limited potential for even subsistence levels of production (World Bank, 2001;Ravallion and Chen, 2007). However, even in western China there are pockets of relative wealth amid poverty which are disguised with more aggregated levels of data (e.g., province-level data) that most poverty analysts rely upon (for example, Ravallion and Chen, 2007), as are the pockets of poverty in the more prosperous eastern provinces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping poverty in rural China: how much does the environment matter?

Olivia¹,

Gibson²,

Rozelle³

et al. 2011

Envir. Dev. Econ.

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In this paper, we apply a recently developed small-area estimation technique to derive geographically detailed estimates of consumption-based poverty and inequality in rural Shaanxi, China. We also investigate whether using environmental variables derived mainly from satellite remote sensing improves upon traditional approaches that only use household survey and census data. According to our results, ignoring environmental variables in statistical analyses that predict small-area poverty rates leads to targeting errors. In other words, using environmental variables both helps more accurately identify poor areas (so they should be able to receive more transfers of poor area funds) and identify non-poor areas (which would allow policy makers to reduce poverty funds in these better off areas and redirect them to poor areas). Using area-based targeting may be an efficient way to reach the poor since many counties and townships in rural Shaanxi have low levels of inequality, even though, on average, there is more within-group than between-group inequality. Using information on locations that are, in fact, receiving poverty assistance, our analysis also produces evidence that official poverty policy in Shaanxi targets particular areas which in reality are no poorer than other areas that do not get targeted. KeywordsChina environment poverty small area estimation JEL Classification O15, O53, P36, Q56 AcknowledgementsWe are grateful to

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China's (uneven) progress against poverty

Cited by 859 publications

References 35 publications

China's Growing CO₂ EmissionsA Race between Increasing Consumption and Efficiency Gains

China's Growing CO₂ EmissionsA Race between Increasing Consumption and Efficiency Gains

Persistent Poverty in Rural China: Where, Why, and How to Escape?

Mapping poverty in rural China: how much does the environment matter?

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China's (uneven) progress against poverty

Cited by 859 publications

References 35 publications

China's Growing CO2 EmissionsA Race between Increasing Consumption and Efficiency Gains

China's Growing CO2 EmissionsA Race between Increasing Consumption and Efficiency Gains

Persistent Poverty in Rural China: Where, Why, and How to Escape?

Mapping poverty in rural China: how much does the environment matter?

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Product

Resources

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China's Growing CO₂ EmissionsA Race between Increasing Consumption and Efficiency Gains

China's Growing CO₂ EmissionsA Race between Increasing Consumption and Efficiency Gains