China's stressed waters: Societal and environmental vulnerability in China's internal and transboundary river systems

The vulnerability of thermoelectric power generation to water scarcity in China: Current status and future scenarios for power planning and climate change

“…These scales were originally developed by Varis et al [18] as the Chinese Administrative River Basin Units (CARU) system. Such a geospatial mesh of administrative regions and basins is necessary for analyzing the trade-offs between water and electricity in China.…”

“…So in our assessment, water withdrawal of thermoelectric power plants, water supply stress and total water availability are adopted as key factors influencing the vulnerability. Capturing the effects of these key factors, this study constructed a vulnerability index (in the sense of existing vulnerability measurement [18,19]) as Eq. (1) shows.…”

“…The assessment takes into consideration thermoelectric plants' reliance on water, local water supply stress and future impacts brought by planning and climate change. And to capture these factors quantitatively, a vulnerability index was constructed referencing the River Basin Vulnerability Index approach [18,19] and other vulnerability measurements [20][21][22]. Besides, multi-disciplinary approaches were adopted to calculate the index.…”

Assessing and mapping human well-being for sustainable development amid flood hazards: Poyang Lake Region of China

“…Geographic approaches to natural hazard research have evolved from focusing on understanding the geophysical environment to integrative studies that examine both social and geophysical environments White, 1978 and1993;White, 1945). Advanced technological tools, such as GIS and spatial analysis, have also facilitated natural hazard research and proved to be useful for quantifying vulnerability, resilience, and adaptive capacity which have emerged as core concepts in climate variability/change research (Belmonte, L opezGarcía, & Soriano-García, 2011;Ho & Umitsu, 2011;Frazier, Thompson, Dezzani, & Butsick, 2013;Malcomb, Weaver, & Krakowka, 2014;Santos, Tavares, & Emidio, 2014;Silva, Matyas, & Cunguara, 2015;Varis, Kummu, Lehr, & Shen, 2014).…”

China’s southbound transboundary river basins: a case of asymmetry

“…The population is highly unevenly distributed, with the Indus and GBM being two of the most densely populated areas in the world (Sharma et al, 2010). These two basins have a population of 240 million and 647 million, respectively, while the Salween only has 8 million people (Varis, Kummu, Lehr, & Shen, 2014). It is also worth pointing out that only a miniscule proportion (around 2%) of China's total population of over 1.3 billion is within these six transboundary river basins .…”