China’s soft power with Chinese characteristics: the cases of Confucius Institutes and Chinese naval diplomacy

Zanardi, Claude

doi:10.1080/2158379x.2016.1232289

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Russia has also been distinct in its attempts at regional soft power dispersion through the 10 On smart and cosmopolitan power, see Nye (2011) andGallarotti (2010b). 11 The principal Confucian value of ren (benevolence or power of attraction) coincides perfectly with the modern concept of soft power (Zanardi 2016). 12 This is no surprise, since the Chinese state is the most effectively centrally managed nation of the BRICS.…”

Section: Powermentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Aside from providing large amounts of development aid in Asia and Africa (data on such activities is limited), China has fully paid its debts to the international organizations it is a member of. The international proliferation of Confucian Institutes, as noted, also function as a layering mechanism for China's domestic initiative to fill in the ideological void created by the decline of Communism with Confucian ideas (Zanardi 2016 andStuenkel 2016).…”

Section: C Layeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In joining weaker nations, Russia and China gain legitimacy as Southern champions; while India, South Africa and Brazil augment an image of rising powers. China's championing of South African inclusion into the BRICS in 2010 was undertaken largely to engender greater influence with third world nations, especially on the African continent (Zanardi 2016).…”

Section: B Transitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Central planning is an administrative manifestation of their Party model in all its activities. A clear reflection of this in the context of soft power is the establishment of a leadership council to coordinate the activities of the many Confucian Institutes spread around the world (Zanardi 2016).…”

Section: Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is an augmentation of a domestic initiative to fill the void left with the ideological decline of Communism by promoting Confucian values, which themselves also serve to underscore the roles of family, obedience, and authority; thus giving the CPC a greater buttress of ideological support (Zanardi 2016 andKurlantzick 2007).…”

Section: Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compound soft power: the BRICS and the multilateralization of soft power

Gallarotti

2016

Journal of Political Power

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This article offers a complementary analysis to the prevailing literature on soft power by addressing the issue of multilateral soft power. While the prevailing literature on soft power tends look at how soft power manifests itself within individual nations, this article attempts to analyze the manifestations of collective soft power in the vehicle of a multilateral organization. This can be referred to as compound soft power. Such an analysis looks at a macro-level class of soft power. In doing so, it looks more broadly at the configuration of the forest, in contradistinction to the prevailing research on soft power, which looks predominantly at individual trees (i.e., individual country analysis). While this analysis of compound soft power is 2 undertaken specifically within the context of the BRICS, it is intended to be generalized to all international organizations.

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Section: Powermentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: C Layeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Transitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

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