China's next renewable energy revolution: goals and mechanisms in the 13th Five Year Plan for energy

Abstract

Over the past few months, China has published its development plans for the 13th Five Year Plan [FYP] period [2016–2020] for energy, and separately for the electricity sector, renewable energy, hydro, wind, solar, and biomass energy. Here, we review these policies, as well as a number of key supporting policy documents that aim at increased renewable energy use in China. Presuming that China will not overshoot its growth targets for wind and PV, annual additions over the 13th FYP period will average 16 GW for wind and 13.5 GW for PV, well below the growth levels seen in recent years. The key to success in China's continued transition to renewable energy, however, does not lie in such capacity additions alone. At least as important will be the efforts at improving grid interconnectedness, flexibility of generating capacity and the grid, market mechanisms that will reduce and spread electricity demand, and better enable renewables to compete, and efforts at increasing the level of consumption of the renewable power generated.

Exploring the Direct Rebound Effect of Energy Consumption: A Case Study

“…In 2001, the Chinese government proposed the energy system reform for the first time in the 10th Five-Year Plan in a bid to gradually optimize the energy structure, with a focus on reinforcing the power grid construction and actively developing hydropower ( Table 7). The government then released a series of policies to promote the rapid development of new energies [41,42]. The proportion of non-fossil energy consumption gradually increased from 8% in 2009 to 11% in 2014 in China, leading to a very apparent fluctuation in the substitution effect from 2010 to 2014.…”

“…According to statistics of the International Energy Agency shown (see Figure 3) Table 7). The government then released a series of policies to promote the rapid development of new energies [41,42]. The proportion of non-fossil energy consumption gradually increased from 8% in 2009 to 11% in 2014 in China, leading to a very apparent fluctuation in the substitution effect from 2010 to 2014.…”

Bayesian network approach to fault diagnosis of a hydroelectric generation system

“…4 In Brazil, 375 small hydropower plants with the total capacity of 4799 MW are currently running, and another 1701 MW installed capacity will be constructed in the next 10 years. Obviously, the economic benefit and carbon dioxide mitigation of such hydroelectric generating systems are well known to the general public, [6][7][8][9][10][11] but the stability and safety impacts of themselves still require enough attentions. Obviously, the economic benefit and carbon dioxide mitigation of such hydroelectric generating systems are well known to the general public, [6][7][8][9][10][11] but the stability and safety impacts of themselves still require enough attentions.…”

The effects of industrial energy consumption on energy‐related carbon emissions at national and provincial levels in China

“…Moreover, during the Asia‐Pacific Economic Cooperation conference in 2014, a joint statement was issued by China and the United States on climate change, whereby China announced its plan to reach CO 2 emissions peak by 2030, and to increase the proportion of non‐fossil energy in total primary energy consumption to approximately 20% by then . The “Thirteenth Five Year” Plan reiterates the same goals . A series of measures and actions for energy conservation and emissions reduction have been implemented at both the national and provincial levels, including industrial structure adjustment, industrial technological advancement, and energy structure adjustment.…”

“…7 The "Thirteenth Five Year" Plan reiterates the same goals. 8,9 A series of measures and actions for energy conservation and emissions reduction have been implemented at both the national and provincial levels, including industrial structure adjustment, industrial technological advancement, and energy structure adjustment. It should be noted that China has a vast territory with an unbalanced distribution of natural resources.…”