China's Fight Against Hiv/aids

Gu, Jing; Renwick, Neil

doi:10.1080/10670560701693096

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…2007). By the end of 2002, almost half of the PHAs had access to community and home care, and almost three‐quarters of the hospitals at county and city levels were able to provide standardized HIV/AIDS diagnosis, treatment, counseling, prevention, and care (Gu and Renwick 2008, 94). China also pledged US$10 million to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.…”

Section: Radical Policy Shift and Kingdon's Policy Window Theory: 200mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the prevention and intervention front, the government dramatically increased allocation of funds to implement various programs and policies. In 2003, provincial and county governments across China contributed approximately US$22.2 million to HIV/AIDS prevention and care (Gu and Renwick 2008, 100). Compared with nearly zero financial appropriation before 2000, the central government spending on HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment was approximately US$12 million in 2001 (Liu and Kaufman 2006, 76).…”

Section: Radical Policy Shift and Kingdon's Policy Window Theory: 200mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…United Nations Secretary Kofi Annan raised the HIV issue every time he met former President Jiang (Xue 2005). The secretary's wife, Nane Annan, met with media representatives and insisted on “breaking the silence” (Gu and Renwick 2008, 93). The president of the World Bank sent a letter to Jiang to express concerns.…”

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confidence: 99%

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An Institutional Account of China's HIV/AIDS Policy Process from 1985 to 2010

Knutsen

2012

Politics & Policy

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China's HIV/AIDS policy progress displays a long-term stagnancy followed by a sudden revolution. This article utilizes multiple theoretical tools to interpret this policy progress. It identifies four phases of China's HIV/AIDS policy process: (1) institutional endurance interpreted by path dependence from historical institutionalism;(2) deinstitutionalization explained by Oliver's antecedents of deinstitutionalization; (3) the radical shift interpreted by Kingdon's agenda-setting theory; and (4) reinstitutionalization and diffusion of institutional theory. This study demonstrates the utility of "creative borrowing"-employing multiple theoretical tools to harness the strengths of each. Doing so reveals that a country's past experience with similar policy issues, the perceived political and moral legitimacy of existing policies, and a country's existing political interests can exert resistance to change. In the presence of multiple pressures for change, policy entrepreneurs who can identify policy windows and couple multiple streams may achieve radical policy shifts. abstract El progreso legislativo relacionado al VIH/SIDA en China muestra un estancamiento a largo plazo seguido de una revolución repentina. El objetivo de este estudio es utilizar múltiples herramientas teoréticas para interpretar este progreso legislativo. Se identifican cuatro fases en el progreso de la legislación china sobre el VIH/SIDA: (1) Resistencia Institucional, interpretada por la dependencia al modelo del institucionalismo histórico; (2) Desinstitucionalización, explicada por los antecedentes de desinstitucionalización de Oliver; (3) el Cambio Radical, interpretado por la teoría del establecimiento de agendas políticas de Kingdon, y (4) Reinstitucionalización y Difusión de la teoría institucional. Este estudio muestra la utilidad del "préstamos creativo"-el empleo de múltiples herramientas teóricas para aprovechar las fortalezas de cada una. Este estudio revela que experiencias pasadas con temas legislativos similares, la percepción de legitimidad política y moral de las políticas existentes, y los intereses políticos existentes en el país pueden ejercer una resistencia al cambio Dada la presencia de múltiples presiones para el cambio, emprendedores políticos que identifiquen oportunidades en las políticas y combinen múltiples enfoques pueden lograr cambios políticos radicales.

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Section: Radical Policy Shift and Kingdon's Policy Window Theory: 200mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Radical Policy Shift and Kingdon's Policy Window Theory: 200mentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Institutional Account of China's HIV/AIDS Policy Process from 1985 to 2010

Knutsen

2012

Politics & Policy

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“…Finally, whether democratic or autocratic, we find that states' responses to the epidemic have evolved over time. Even countries like China and India, where drug use and sex work has been criminalized and where governance has traditionally been characterized as topdown and histories of state-civil society partnership are not longstanding, governments have increasingly leaned on NGOs out of necessity to reach out to key populations at higher risk of HIV exposure (Gu and Renwick 2008;Lieberman 2009;Li et al 2010). The evidence therefore suggests that earlier partnerships with civil society at times when the disease was confined largely to "high-risk" groups might have played an important role in stemming the spread of the epidemic and contributing to improved outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Political repression, civil society and the politics of responding to AIDS in the BRICS nations

Gómez

Harris

2015

Health Policy Plan.

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The policy responses to human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) nations have played out amid radically different political environments that have shaped state-civil society relations in critical ways. In contrasting these different environments, this article offers the first comparison of the policy response to AIDS in the BRICS nations and seeks to understand the way in which political context matters for conditioning the response to a major epidemic. Using a comparative historical approach, we find that while collaborative state-civil society relations have produced an aggressive response and successful outcomes in Brazil, democratic openness and state-civil society engagement has not necessarily correlated with an aggressive response or better outcomes in the other cases. Response to the epidemic has been worst by far in democratic South Africa, followed by Russia, where in the former, denialism and antagonistic state-civil society relations fuelled a delayed response and proved extremely costly in terms of human lives. In Russia, a lack of civil societal opportunity for mobilization and non-governmental organization (NGO) growth, political centralization and the state's unwillingness to work with NGOs led to an ineffective government response. Top-down bureaucratic rule and a reluctance to fully engage civil society in democratic India substantially delayed the state's efforts to engage in a successful partnership with NGOs. Nevertheless, China has done surprisingly well, in spite of its repressive approach and narrow engagement with civil society. And in all cases, we find the relationship between state and civil society to be evolving over time in important ways. These findings suggest the need for more research on the links between democratic openness, political repression and policy responses to epidemics.

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“…It was projected that by the year 2010 ten to twenty million people could become infected with HIV in China (Intelligence Community Assessment, 2002; Eberstadt, 2002; Zhang, 2004; Gu & Renwick, 2008). However, in contrast, according to the recent UNAIDS estimates, 740,000 (540,000–1,000,000) people (adults and children) lived with HIV/AIDS in China in 2009 (UNAIDS, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hiv Awareness in China Among Women of Reproductive Age (1997–2005): A Decomposition Analysis

et al. 2013

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SummaryHIV prevalence in China is less than one per cent, but the absolute number of people living with HIV/AIDS is large and growing. Given the limited scope of any potential cure for HIV, prevention plays a crucial role in controlling the epidemic. This paper examines the evolution of HIV awareness among women in China between 1997 and 2005. A regression decomposition analysis technique was used to disentangle the two main components driving a change in HIV awareness. The results show that HIV awareness has increased over time in China. The gaps between groups are narrowing over time and lower HIV awareness groups are catching up with the higher awareness groups. In 2005 education remained one of the main factors associated with HIV awareness, the other main factors being ethnicity, exposure to TV and newspapers. The increases in HIV awareness observed between 1997 and 2001 are similar between groups of women with different demographic characteristics, whereas between 2003 and 2005 increases are more pronounced among specific groups of women such as women from rural areas, women from Western parts of the country, women who belong to ethnic minorities and those with no education or with only primary education. The results suggest that the main driver of the observed change in HIV awareness over time in China is change in the environment such as in political commitment, interventions and campaigns rather than change in population structure.

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China's Fight Against Hiv/aids

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

An Institutional Account of China's HIV/AIDS Policy Process from 1985 to 2010

An Institutional Account of China's HIV/AIDS Policy Process from 1985 to 2010

Political repression, civil society and the politics of responding to AIDS in the BRICS nations

Hiv Awareness in China Among Women of Reproductive Age (1997–2005): A Decomposition Analysis

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