China's Corporate Social Credit System: The Dawn of Surveillance State Capitalism?

Lin, Lauren Yu-Hsin; Milhaupt, Curtis J.

doi:10.1017/s030574102300067x

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This could potentially be applied to healthcare centers through a credit system involving clinical data. 52…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated Misuse of Large Language Models and Clinical Credit Systems

Anibal,

Huth,

Gunkel

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Large language models (LLMs) have been proposed to support many healthcare tasks, including disease diagnostics and treatment personalization. While AI models may be applied to assist or enhance the delivery of healthcare, there is also a risk of misuse. LLMs could be used to allocate resources based on unfair, inaccurate, or unjust criteria. For example, a social credit system uses big data to assess trustworthiness in society, punishing those who score poorly based on evaluation metrics defined only by a power structure (corporate entity, governing body). Such a system may be amplified by powerful LLMs which can rate individuals based on high-dimensional multimodal data - financial transactions, internet activity, and other behavioural inputs. Healthcare data is perhaps the most sensitive information which can be collected and could potentially be used to violate civil liberty via a clinical credit system, which may include limiting or rationing access to standard care. This report simulates how clinical datasets might be exploited and proposes strategies to mitigate the risks inherent to the development of AI models for healthcare.

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“…This could potentially be applied to healthcare centers through a credit system involving clinical data. 52…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated Misuse of Large Language Models and Clinical Credit Systems

Anibal,

Huth,

Gunkel

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…7 Analysis of how that project has been realized on the ground, for example how the broad SCS ideals have been translated into concrete credibility appraisal criteria, is based primarily on observations of local pilot projects. 8 Chinese literature points out that for SCS implementation at the national level, standards play a crucial role in ensuring connectivity in the data gathering and sharing activities conducted under the SCS. 9 Standardization has been found to be helpful for synergizing and further guiding the implementation of credibility-based regulation in particular because it includes both the regulated and regulatory actors in the drafting process.…”

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confidence: 99%

Credibility Standards: A new social credit mode of regulation?

Blomberg

2023

China Information

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Under the social credit system project, China’s government promotes credibility-based regulation (信用监管), a mode of discretionary decision-making informed by quantified assessments of regulatory subjects’ credibility. Credibility-based regulation is intended to combat China’s law enforcement problem by activating non-state actors to participate in regulatory work through conducting and sharing credibility assessments. However, little is known about its implementation. This article argues that a yet unexplored series of voluntary national standards provides the technical link between central-level rhetoric on credibility-based regulation and its implementation. Specifically, these standards lay down assessment methods and quantitative indicators for assessing credibility, and are drafted for the use of regulatory agencies, platform companies, industry associations and other state and non-state stakeholders. National standards provide a suitable link for implementing credibility-based regulation because, unlike top–down laws and policies, their creation involves a range of non-state affiliated actors, producing negotiated solutions that co-regulators may be more likely to adopt.

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The social credit system in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China

Buyarov

2024

Genesis: Исторические Исследования

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The subject of this study is the social credit system introduced in the People's Republic of China in the 2000s. The object of the study is the Chinese population and in particular representatives of national minorities living in Xinjiang. The author examines the system of social control in historical retrospect, since its manifestations have been reflected in the history of China, from antiquity to the present day. In the mid-2000s, this system was "reanimated" in new conditions and in a new form and began to be actively used for comprehensive control of broad strata of Chinese society. The new realities of the information society also required new approaches from the state. The purpose of the study is to analyze the socio-economic policy of the central government of the People's Republic of China in order to understand the causes, mechanisms and significance of the social rating system. The main conclusions of the study are the following provisions. Initially, the introduction of the social credit system was due to the desire of the central government to improve the level of order in the field of entrepreneurship. Somewhat later, the system began to be used for total control over wide segments of the population and proved its effectiveness in such a problematic region as the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The attitude towards the social credit system in China is ambiguous: the majority of Han Chinese (ethnic Chinese) loyal to the government have adopted this model. At the same time, representatives of national minorities, including some Uighurs, perceive it as a system of harassment. This system is based on the principles of total control of the population, the use of hybrid intelligence and the use of social rating as a system of encouragement and punishment.

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China's Corporate Social Credit System: The Dawn of Surveillance State Capitalism?

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Simulated Misuse of Large Language Models and Clinical Credit Systems

Simulated Misuse of Large Language Models and Clinical Credit Systems

Credibility Standards: A new social credit mode of regulation?

The social credit system in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China

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