China: From Ideological Focused Education to Professional Social Work Education

Chan, Cecilia L. W.; Leung, Janny; Min, Jiyoung; Xu, Yang

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-39966-5_5

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In 2015, There were a total of 1,842 MSW teachers nationwide, including 1,265 full-time teachers, and about 11–12 MSW professional teachers in various universities ( Xie, 2017 ). As of the end of 2018, there were 348 undergraduate social work programs, 147 Master of Social Work programs, and 17 Ph.D. programs in China, with more than 40,000 graduates each year ( Chan et al, 2020 ). At the end of 2018, there were 816,000 social organizations nationwide.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Support, Mindfulness, and Job Burnout of Social Workers in China

et al. 2022

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In the last 20 years, amid extensive social and economic reforms, China’s social structure and community life have changed considerably. A large number of social workers are needed to provide many more social services to community residents. The central government has issued many policies to rapidly develop human service organizations and increase the number of social workers. Thus, by the end of 2019, the number of social workers has reached more than 1.5 million in China. At the same time, local governments have issued many policies to promote an increase in the number of social workers. According to statistics from the Chengdu Civil Affairs Bureau, from 2010 to 2021, the number of social workers in Chengdu City increased, remarkably, from 553 to 17,622. Although the number of social workers has increased rapidly, some problems still exist. According to a survey by the Chengdu Social Workers Association, the turnover rate of social workers has reached approximately 20% in Chengdu City in 2018. Therefore, we aim to determine what influences social workers’ job burnout. Through regression analysis and mediation effect tests, we found the following: First, when controlling for gender, age, education, and workday, social support of social workers had a significant negative impact on job burnout (β = − 0.376). Second, the mindfulness of social workers had a significant negative impact on job burnout (β = − 0.320). Third, the mindfulness of social workers played a mediating role between social support and job burnout. The mediating effect was −0.116 (p < 0.001). Fourth, among the three dimensions of social support, mindfulness played a partially mediating role in family support and other support. The mediating effect between other support, which is the support from leaders and colleagues, and job burnout was the strongest, with a mediating effect of −0.109 (p < 0.001). In other words, the support provided by agency leaders and colleagues can maximize the level of mindfulness of social workers, thereby reducing social workers’ job burnout most effectively. We can thus reduce social workers’ job burnout by improving their level of mindfulness and the social support for them in China.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Support, Mindfulness, and Job Burnout of Social Workers in China

et al. 2022

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“…The rate at which social work programs were established grew faster after 2000, with 20 to 30 programs established each year [ 23 ]. By the end of 2018, there were 348 social work undergraduate programs, 147 Master of Social Work (MSW) programs, and 17 Ph.D. programs in China, together producing over 40,000 social work graduates each year [ 16 ]. While these programs lack clear standardization guidelines, the professionalization of social work has accelerated tremendously [ 23 ].…”

Section: Literature Review Theory and Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While these programs lack clear standardization guidelines, the professionalization of social work has accelerated tremendously [ 23 ]. In fact, the profession grew from 0.2 million social workers in 2010 to 1.2 million in 2018 [ 16 , 23 ]. At the same time, scholars have observed considerable turnover among social workers; 25% of social workers in Guangzhou, the capital city of Guangdong province, had left their jobs in 2014 [ 6 ].…”

Section: Literature Review Theory and Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High burnout and turnover have negative implications for job performance [ 13 ] and, therefore, the quality of services [ 14 , 15 ]. This is significant, given that in China, social workers provide services to vulnerable communities in settings such as schools, hospitals, government agencies, and community centers [ 16 , 17 ]. Despite this, little scholarly research has examined the factors underlying burnout among Chinese social workers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Job Demands, Resources, and Burnout in Social Workers in China: Mediation Effect of Mindfulness

Huang

Chen

Cheung

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Internationally, human service professionals, including social workers, experience high burnout and turnover rates. Despite the recent and rapid development of contemporary social work in China, Chinese social workers similarly experience significant rates of burnout. Therefore, there is a need to investigate the factors that contribute to social work burnout. This study applied the job demands and resources (JD-R) model to examine the effects of JD-R on burnout in social workers (n = 897) from Chengdu, China, and whether these relations are mediated by state mindfulness. Structural equation modeling results supported the previously hypothesized dual process by which JD-R affect burnout, specifically in a sample of social workers in China. Job demands (JD) were positively associated with burnout, while job resources (JR) were negatively associated with burnout. These relations were partially mediated by state mindfulness. JR had a strong, positive direct effect on mindfulness (β = 0.38), and its total effect on burnout was high (β = −0.56). Meanwhile, JD had a slight negative direct effect on mindfulness (β = −0.09), and its total effect on burnout was 0.42. The results suggest that the implementation of mindfulness-based interventions for social workers can potentially mitigate the effect of JD on burnout, as well as increase the effect of JR on burnout.

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“…In China, the social work profession has developed rapidly over the last two decades. In <10 years, the workforce increased from 0.2 million in 2010 to 1.2 million in 2018 ( 15 , 16 ). This unprecedented rate of professionalization was brought upon by increasing social problems that followed the country's economic reform in 1978.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Job Demands and Resources, Positive and Negative Affect, and Psychological Distress of Social Workers in China

et al. 2022

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Globally, human service professionals, like social workers, experience significant job demands (JD) which can lead to outcomes like psychological distress, burnout, and high turnover rates. This is especially true in China, where the social work profession has grown substantially in recent decades. Because social workers play a crucial role in supporting vulnerable communities, there is a need to understand how their work conditions affect outcomes like psychological distress. This study applies the job demands and resources (JD-R) model to study this relation, along with the mediational effects of positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA), in social workers from Chengdu, China (n = 897). The results of structural equation modeling indicate that JD-R differentially affect psychological distress. PA and NA partially mediate these relations. Job resources (JR) reduced psychological distress by reducing NA and increasing PA. JD did not have any effect on PA but significantly increased NA, which was associated with higher psychological distress. The magnitudes of each estimate suggest that JR has a greater effect on PA and NA, relative to the effects of JD on PA and NA. Interventions that seek to promote PA and reduce NA may be able to work with existing JR to buffer against the effects of JD in social workers.

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China: From Ideological Focused Education to Professional Social Work Education

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Social Support, Mindfulness, and Job Burnout of Social Workers in China

Social Support, Mindfulness, and Job Burnout of Social Workers in China

Job Demands, Resources, and Burnout in Social Workers in China: Mediation Effect of Mindfulness

Job Demands and Resources, Positive and Negative Affect, and Psychological Distress of Social Workers in China

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