Chimonodinium lomnickii (Wolosz.) Craveiro et al. (Dinoflagellata) - Agent of Winter Water "Bloom" in the Odesa Bay (the Black Sea)

Тhe modern period of development of algological researches at Odesa University is analyzed. It is noted that the creation of a scientific school under the leadership of prof. І.І. Pogrebnyak gave impetus to the renewed interest of the scientific community in the study of the algae of the Black Sea, its estuaries and some freshwater bodies of southern Ukraine. These studies covered benthic and planktonic groups of algae, as well as their individual systematic groups, including blue-green, diatomaceous, cryptophytic, dinophytic, green, red, and brown. Attention was paid to the possible practical use of algae in ecology, agriculture and medicine. I.I. Pogrebnyak's research was continued by his students, doctors of biological sciences Prof. Guslyakov M.O., Maslov I.I., Tkachenko F.P. and dozens of young scientists, already their students.

unclassified

Algological investigations at Odessa University in 1965–2015. Formation school of Prof. I.I. Pogrebnyak

Кузнецов¹,

Ткаченко²

2021

Current information on the diversity of dinoflagellates of Ukraine

Bryantseva¹

2022

Present current information on the diversity of Dinoflagellata in Ukraine. The study of the species composition of microalgae in modern climate change remains relevant. Dinoflagellates, especially luminous species, are sensitive to anomalies in the warm Black Sea and can serve as a convenient indicator of the state of aquatic ecosystems due to the rapid response to external influences. The use of electron microscopy, as well as molecular genetic research methods over the past 10 years have made it possible to observe significant changes in the taxonomic system of the Miozoa division of the superclass Dinoflagellata. Based on the analysis of 204 literature sources and revision of the taxonomic composition of dinoflagellates of Ukraine, according to the international database AlgaeBase, it is established that the current list of Dinoflagellates of Ukraine includes 370 species (397 watts), belonging to 3 classes, 14 orders, 45 families and 98 genera. The number of species found in Ukraine is an order of magnitude lower than that currently known for Miozoa in the world (3636), and their distribution by order almost coincides and is very uneven: 3 orders include 63% of currently known species and 71% found in Ukraine. The most diverse in Ukraine are the orders Peridiniales (121 species, 32.4%), Gymnodiniales (82, 22%) and Gonyaulacales (61, 16.4%). Analysis of the distribution of dinoflagellates in the territorial waters of Ukraine by main algae-floristic areas confirmed that most of them live in marine waters (273, 55%), which is twice as large as terrestrial (128, 26%) and a significant proportion occurs in estuaries – 92, 19%). Among the species found on land, the largest number is attributed to the Dnieper–Black Sea (108 taxa) and Carpathian-Danube algae sub-provinces (71) due to the fact that they include contact zones of the main rivers of Ukraine and the Black Sea–Azov waters. Over the last decade, the species composition of dinoflagellates of Ukraine and their taxonomy have undergone significant changes. The number of species, orders and genera has increased, but as a result of the fact that some species have been renamed, the actual number of new species and WWT has increased by 85 units and one species has been described as new to science. But the species diversity of some dinoflagellates regions of Ukraine remains insufficiently studied, and some of them require additional research.

Diversity and distribution of dinoflagellates in water bodies of Ukraine (critical and systematic revision)

Bryantseva¹

2023

A critical and systematic revision of the superclass Dinoflagellata of the type Miozoa of Ukraine was performed, and the results of the generalization of retrospective and modern data on their zonal and ecological and typological distribution were given. As of 2022, 366 species (393 species and intraspecific) belonging to 3 classes, 14 orders, 45 families and 98 genera are indicated for the territorial waters of Ukraine. Over the past two decades, 108 new species have been discovered. 100 species are new to the Ukrainian sector of the Black Sea, and 8 are found for the first time in continental water bodies of Ukraine, one of which is new to science. Significant changes in the systematic composition of dinoflagellates in this period are due to both new findings and the appearance of new taxonomic combinations, which significantly expanded their generic spectrum. The most diverse orders remained: Peridiniales (118 species), which is a third of all species, Gymnodiniales (80 or 22%), and Gonyaulacales (60 or 16.4%). Among them, the most species-rich genera are Gymnodinium (41), Protoperidinium (41), Tripos (15) and Dinophysis (25) of the order Dinophysiales, the vast majority of which live in the Black Sea. A feature of the zonal distribution of dinoflagellate species on the territory of Ukraine is an increase in diversity in the southeastern direction, from the Ukrainian forest to the Black Sea. More than half of the species (54.4%) and the genera (56.6%) were noted only within one physical-geographic zone or sea. In particular, 174 (47%) species and 41 (41.8%) genera were found only in the seas. Since dinoflagellates are mainly marine algae, the greatest diversity and unique species composition is characteristic of the Black Sea, where almost 77% of all species and genera live. In desalinated Azov there were significantly less of them (21% of species and 25% of genera). In the Steppe zone of Ukraine, which has a wide range of water types, the highest diversity of dinoflagellates was observed among all terrestrial zones: 39.6% of species and 57% of genera known in Ukraine. According to ecological features, the flora of dinoflagellates was dominated by marine and breckish-marine forms (63.5%), were 2.5 times more than freshwater and breckish-reshwater forms (26.5%). A significant share was made up of species with a wide amplitude of adaptation (6.3%). Reservoirs with different degrees of myneralization, which include estuaries and myneralized reservoirs, as well as contact zones of fresh and sea waters (river mouths), had representatives of marine and brackish water complexes that are absent in other types of continental reservoirs. Estuaries ranked second after seas in terms of species richness (36.3% of species and 57% of genera) with a predominance of marine and brackish water species (58.5%). In general, 1.4 times fewer species were found in continental water bodies than in marine water areas. Lakes (22.4%) and ponds (21.6%) were in first place among continental bodies of water (with the exception of estuaries) in terms of species diversity, followed by rivers (16.4%) and swamps (15.8%), in which, of course, predominated freshwater species. There are 34 species that are widespread in Ukraine, 8 – are eurytopeans. T he composition of luminous species remained unchanged (36), and 25 are known as the causative agents of water "blooming", and 27 are toxic. Part of the species (63 or 17%) found mainly in the Black Sea are known from one reference, of which 40 species were identified more than 50 years ago, so their presence in the waters of Ukraine at the present time requires additional research. The taxonomic status of 8 species and one form has not yet been determined, so in the future the systematic composition of dinoflagellates of Ukraine will change thanks to the use of molecular phylogenetic methods.