Chilling and heat requirements of almond cultivars for flowering

Egea, J.; Ortega, Elisa Martín; Martínez‐Gómez, Pedro; Dicenta, F.

doi:10.1016/s0098-8472(03)00002-9

Cited by 179 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Conversely, it limits the climatic distributions of the genotypes of temperate fruit trees (Sherman & Beckman, 2003). CR is the major factor determining the bloom date (BD, also referred to as the flowering time) (Egea et al, 2003;Ruiz et al, 2007;Alburquerque et al, 2008), which is an important agronomic trait affecting the seed and fruit development of temperate fruit tree species. Genotypes with low CR bloom early in cold regions ⁄ years and are susceptible to late frost damage (Scorza & Okie, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping quantitative trait loci associated with chilling requirement, heat requirement and bloom date in peach (Prunus persica)

et al. 2009

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Summary• Chilling requirement, together with heat requirement, determines the bloom date, which has an impact on the climatic distribution of the genotypes of tree species. The molecular basis of floral bud chilling requirement is poorly understood, despite its importance to the adaptation and production of fruit trees. In addition, the genetic nature of heat requirement and the genetic interrelationships among chilling requirement, heat requirement and bloom date remain unclear.• A peach (Prunus persica) F 2 population of 378 genotypes developed from two genotypes with contrasting chilling requirements was used for linkage map construction and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. The floral bud chilling and heat requirements of each genotype were evaluated over 2 yr and the bloom date was scored over 4 yr.• Twenty QTLs with additive effects were identified for three traits, including one major QTL for chilling requirement and two major QTLs for bloom date. The majority of QTLs colocalized with QTLs for other trait(s). In particular, one genomic region of 2 cM, pleiotropic for the three traits, overlapped with the sequenced peach EVG region.• This first report on the QTL mapping of floral bud chilling requirement will facilitate marker-assisted breeding for low chilling requirement cultivars and the map-based cloning of genes controlling chilling requirement. The extensive colocalization of QTLs suggests that there may be one unified temperature sensing and action system regulating chilling requirement, heat requirement and bloom date together

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping quantitative trait loci associated with chilling requirement, heat requirement and bloom date in peach (Prunus persica)

et al. 2009

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“…Prunus species (Ashcroft, Richardson & Seeley, 1977;Viti & Monteleone, 2011), including almonds (Egea, Ortega, Martinez-Gomez & Dicenta, 2003). Other methods used for determining rest completion included morphological studies, shoot-tip culture and correlation models on almond flowering dates and temperatures during rest (Alonso, Anson, Espiau & Socias i Company, 2005;Kester, Raddi & Asay, 1977).…”

Section: Dormancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have found that high temperatures in the period just before bloom and during bloom influenced dormancy break and bloom timing (Nava, Dalmago, Bergamachsi, Paniz, Pires dos Santos, & Marodin, 2009) and caused early flowering and increased spring frost susceptibility (Sedgley & Griffin, 1989 Conversely, Egea et al (2003) had the opposite conclusion, citing that flowering time in almonds has less to do with heat requirements and more to the chilling requirements of different genotypes (Egea, Ortega, Martinez-Gomez & Dicenta, 2003). Research on chilling and its accumulation involves several controversies and conflicting research studies.…”

Section: Bloom Timingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Chilling and Heat Accumulation on Bloom Timing, Bloom Length and Crop Yield in Almonds (Prunus dulcis (Mill.))

Covert¹

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“…Thus, a more complex and accurate model arose taking into account different climatic conditions and crops: peach in Israel (Erez, 2000;Erez & Lerner, 1990;Fishman et al, 1987Fishman et al, a, 1987b, ornamental peach in Japan (Pawasut et al, 2004), kiwifruit (Allan et al, 1997), Eucalyptus nitens (Gardner & Bertling, 2005), peach in South Africa (Allan et al, 1995), peach in Chile (Perez et al, 2008) and in France (Balandier et al, 1993a), cherry (Alburquerque et al, 2008), almond (Egea et al, 2003), apricot in Spain (Ruiz et al, 2007) and Italy (Viti et al, 2010), walnut in California (Luedeling et al, 2009e) and apple in northern Italy (Valentini et al, 2001). In particular the Dynamic model along with the Chill Hours and the Utah Models failed in tropical climatic conditions of Reunion Island (Balandier et al, 1993).…”

Section: Climatic Models For Dormancy Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular aspects of dormancy in peach (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch.)

Leida¹

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En estos cuatros años en los que he estado trabajando, he conocido a mucha gente que me ha ayudado en distintas formas para la realización de esta tesis y por eso he pensado en agradecerlos.En primer lugar quería dar las gracias a mis directores por la dedicación que me han prestado. A Gerardo y Marisa por darme la oportunidad de trabajar en el IVIA y de desarrollar esta tesis. A Gabino por haber estado ahí en todo momento, para enseñar y contestar a mis preguntas, sin su apoyo no habría podido llegar hasta aquí. ABSTRACTDormancy is one of the most important adaptive mechanisms developed by perennial plants, in order to survive the low temperatures of autumn and winter in temperate climates. The study of the genes regulated during dormancy release is crucial to understand the process, with the final objective of the development of new varieties with a better adaptation to certain environments; and this is particularly important considering the increasing economical weight of fruit crops in low and medium chilling regions as the Mediterranean area. We focused on the molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying the maintenance and release of seasonal dormancy in peach. In order to achieve this we first used suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) to identify genes expressed in dormant and dormancy-released buds in two cultivars with different chilling requirements, 'Zincal-5' and 'Springlady', and subsequently validated their differential expression utilizing a peach cDNA microarray platform containing transcripts enriched in flower buds. Additionally, we carried out a genome-wide search of peach genes related to dormancy release by hybridizing the previous cDNA microarray with mRNA samples from 10 cultivars showing different dormancy behaviour, followed by an expression correlation analysis.Among the most relevant genes identified in these two first works, we found the DORMANCY ASSOCIATED MADS-box genes DAM4, DAM5 and DAM6, described independently by other groups working in peach and other species. The central role of DAM genes in dormancy regulation has also been confirmed by additional functional approaches as the analysis of the non-dormant evg mutant, QTL analysis, and transgenic approaches.In our second work we focused on the molecular mechanisms of DAM6 down-regulation concomitant with dormancy release in flower buds. A ChIP analysis of DAM6 promoter and structural gene revealed chromatin modification events similar to those observed in vernalization of Arabidopsis and cereals. We showed that DAM6 is transcriptionally active in dormant buds collected in October, when a short chromatin region around its ATG was trimethylated in histone H3 at K4 (H3K4) and acetylated at the N-terminal tail of H3. Concomitantly with DAM6 repression, H3K4 became demethylated and H3 deacetylated. Later H3K27 was found trimethylated along a genomic region larger than 4kb, including promoter, coding sequence and intron. Due to their relevance in dormancy regulation, DAM genes could be used as expression markers to assess...

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Chilling and heat requirements of almond cultivars for flowering

Cited by 179 publications

References 20 publications

Mapping quantitative trait loci associated with chilling requirement, heat requirement and bloom date in peach (Prunus persica)

Mapping quantitative trait loci associated with chilling requirement, heat requirement and bloom date in peach (Prunus persica)

The Influence of Chilling and Heat Accumulation on Bloom Timing, Bloom Length and Crop Yield in Almonds (Prunus dulcis (Mill.))

Molecular aspects of dormancy in peach (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch.)

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