Chilika Lagoon: Restoring ecological balance and livelihoods through re‐salinization

Ghosh, Asish Kumar; Pattnaik, Ajit K.; Ballatore, Thomas J.

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1770.2006.00306.x

Cited by 85 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…The longshore sediment transport (littoral drift) along the coast of the Bay of Bengal is &0.1 million metric tonnes (MT) annually, and tends to shift the lagoon mouth (the opening to the sea) every year, thereby adversely affecting tidal exchange. The major silt load carried by the tributaries of the Mahanadi River system is 1.5 million MT year -1 , while 0.3 million MT year -1 of sediment enter from the western catchment (Ghosh et al 2006). The upstream erosion and sedimentation processes in the lagoon have directly contributed to the loss of lagoon depth as well as the blockage of the mouth.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of nutrients and phytoplankton biomass in a shallow brackish water ecosystem (Chilika Lagoon, India)

et al. 2009

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Seasonal and spatial variations in water quality parameters, such as nutrients [NH 4 ? -N, NO 2 --N, NO 3 --N, PO 4 3--P, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP)], Secchi disc depth, salinity, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll a, primary productivity and phytoplankton standing stock, were studied in Chilika Lagoon (from 27 sampling locations) during 2001-2003 to assess the present ecological status. The study was undertaken after a major hydrological intervention in September 2000, which connected the lagoon body and the Bay of Bengal via a manmade opening (new mouth). Current and old data on water quality were also compared to establish the changes that had occurred after the hydrological intervention. Multivariate techniques and gridding methods were used to investigate the spatial and seasonal variability of the data and to characterize the trophic evolution of the basin. Results of principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the 27 stations can be classified into five groups based on similarities in the temporal variation of nutrients, chlorophyll a concentration, salinity, and other physicochemical parameters. The tributaries and the exchange of lagoon water with the Bay of Bengal most probably determine the water quality and the dynamics of the ecosystem. Hydrodynamics of the lagoon, weed coverage, input of urban sewage through tributaries and agricultural runoff are probably the key factors controlling the trophic conditions of the lagoon. An increase in salinity and total phosphorus was noted after the new mouth was opened, while the total suspended sediment load, the water column depth, and nitrogenous nutrients decreased. The new mouth opening also brought changes in the phytoplankton species composition.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of nutrients and phytoplankton biomass in a shallow brackish water ecosystem (Chilika Lagoon, India)

et al. 2009

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“…S1 in Electronic Supplementary Material). The lagoon was declared a Ramsar site in 1982 (Ramsar 2002) because of its high avifaunal and fish diversity (Ghosh et al 2006). Its high productivity supports fishing communities living in some 150 fishing villages around the lagoon (Nayak and Berkes 2010).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive Interactions Between Irrawaddy Dolphins and Artisanal Fishers in the Chilika Lagoon of Eastern India are Driven by Ecology, Socioeconomics, and Culture

D’Lima

Marsh

Hamann

et al. 2013

AMBIO

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In human-dominated landscapes, interactions and perceptions towards wildlife are influenced by multidimensional drivers. Understanding these drivers could prove useful for wildlife conservation. We surveyed the attitudes and perceptions of fishers towards threatened Irrawaddy dolphins (Orcaella brevirostris) at Chilika Lagoon India. To validate the drivers of fisher perceptions, we : (1) observed dolphin foraging behavior at stake nets, and (2) compared catch per unit effort (CPUE) and catch income of fishers from stake nets in the presence and absence of foraging dolphins. We found that fishers were mostly positive towards dolphins, believing that dolphins augmented their fish catch and using culture to express their perceptions. Foraging dolphins were observed spending half their time at stake nets and were associated with significantly higher catch income and CPUE of mullet (Liza sp.), a locally preferred food fish species. Wildlife conservation efforts should use the multidimensional drivers of human-wildlife interactions to involve local stakeholders in management.

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“…As noted above, the decrease in salinity had a major impact on the fisheries, and restoration of marine flow by opening a new channel to the Bay of Bengal in 2000 restored the hydrological regimes and reestablished salinity regimes (Ghosh et al 2006). Recovery of the fisheries and biodiversity was rapid.…”

Section: Implications For Ecological Charactermentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In 1990, the nonfishers' petition in the Orissa High Court challenging the traditional rights to fishing grounds held by fishers resulted in direction by the court to abolish the traditional system, and re-allocate fishing grounds to fishers and non-fishers in a ratio of 60:40 (Ghosh et al 2006). This decision was challenged by traditional fishers demanding a review of the judgement.…”

Section: Changes In Institutions and Freedomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing wetland ecosystem services and poverty interlinkages: a general framework and case study

Kumar¹,

Horwitz

Milton³

et al. 2011

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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The wise use of wetlands is expected to contribute to ecological integrity, as well as to secure livelihoods, especially of communities dependent on their ecosystem services for sustenance. This paper provides a conceptual framework capable of examining the goals of wetland management, poverty reduction and sustainable livelihoods. The framework highlights ecological character as a social construct and, with the notion of wetlands as settings for human well-being, builds a concept for assessing the inter-linkages between ecosystem services and livelihoods. The value and broader applicability of our framework is then tested by applying it to a case study from India (Lake Chilika) to evaluate the degree to which the mutual goals of improving both human well-being and the ecological character of wetlands have been achieved. The case study maps changes in human well-being induced in the basin communities due to external vulnerability contexts, institutions and freedoms. It further assesses the response strategies in terms of their impacts on ecological character and poverty status.Key words livelihoods; biodiversity; development; Ramsar Convention; wetlands; ecosystem services; poverty; Chilika Lake Evaluation des liens entre services écosystémiques des zones humides et pauvreté: cadre général et étude de cas Résumé L'utilisation rationnelle des zones humides est censée contribuer à l'intégrité écologique, ainsi qu'à assurer les moyens de subsistance, en particulier des collectivités tributaires de leurs services écosystémiques pour la nourriture et les ressources de base. Cet article fournit un cadre conceptuel capable d'examiner les objectifs de gestion des zones humides, la réduction de la pauvreté et les moyens de subsistance durables. Le cadre souligne le caractère écologique comme une construction sociale et, avec la notion de zones humides comme cadre pour le bien-être humain, construit un concept pour l'évaluation des liens entre les services écosystémiques et les moyens de subsistance. La valeur et l'applicabilité plus large de notre cadre sont ensuite testées en l'appliquant à une étude de cas en Inde (Lac Chilika) pour évaluer à quel niveau les objectifs communs d'amélioration à la fois du bien-être humain et du caractère écologique des zones humides ont été atteints. L'étude de cas dresse la carte des changements dans le bien-être humain, induits, dans les communautés du bassin, par des contextes de vulnérabilité externe, les institutions et les libertés. Il évalue ensuite les stratégies de réponse en termes de leurs impacts sur le caractère écologique et le niveau de pauvreté.

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Chilika Lagoon: Restoring ecological balance and livelihoods through re‐salinization

Cited by 85 publications

References 0 publications

Variability of nutrients and phytoplankton biomass in a shallow brackish water ecosystem (Chilika Lagoon, India)

Variability of nutrients and phytoplankton biomass in a shallow brackish water ecosystem (Chilika Lagoon, India)

Positive Interactions Between Irrawaddy Dolphins and Artisanal Fishers in the Chilika Lagoon of Eastern India are Driven by Ecology, Socioeconomics, and Culture

Assessing wetland ecosystem services and poverty interlinkages: a general framework and case study

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