Children with HIV: A scoping review of auditory processing skills

Dawood, Gouwa; Klop, Daleen; Olivier, Elrietha; Elliott, Haley; Pillay, Mershen

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0221573

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…CNS damage interferes with this processing [13,14]. Behavioral evidence shows that central auditory processing is impaired in CLWH [15], but the health of structures that support this processing (like the brainstem and midbrain) is not well understood. Central auditory tests may provide a proxy for CNS health in CLWH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory neural processing in children living with HIV uncovers underlying central nervous system dysfunction

Ealer,

Niemczak,

Nicol

et al. 2023

Aids

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Objective: Central nervous system (CNS) damage from HIV infection or treatment can lead to developmental delays and poor educational outcomes in children living with HIV (CLWH). Early markers of central nervous system dysfunction are needed to target interventions and prevent life-long disability. The Frequency Following Response (FFR) is an auditory electrophysiology test that can reflect the health of the central nervous system. In this study, we explore whether the FFR reveals auditory central nervous system dysfunction in CLWH. Study Design: Cross-sectional analysis of an ongoing cohort study. Data were from the child's first visit in the study. Setting: The infectious disease center in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Methods: We collected the FFR from 151 CLWH and 151 HIV-negative children. To evoke the FFR, three speech syllabi (/da/, /ba/, /ga/) were played monaurally to the child's right ear. Response measures included neural timing (peak latencies), strength of frequency encoding (fundamental frequency and first formant amplitude), encoding consistency (inter-response consistency), and encoding precision (stimulus-to-response correlation). Results: CLWH showed smaller first formant amplitudes (p < .0001), weaker inter-response consistencies (p < .0001) and smaller stimulus to response correlations (p < .0001) than FFRs from HIV-negative children. These findings generalized across the three speech stimuli with moderately strong effect sizes (partial η2 ranged from 0·061 to 0·094). Conclusion: The FFR shows auditory central nervous system dysfunction in CLWH. Neural encoding of auditory stimuli was less robust, more variable, and less accurate. Since the FFR is a passive and objective test, it may offer an effective way to assess and detect central nervous system function in CLWH.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory neural processing in children living with HIV uncovers underlying central nervous system dysfunction

Ealer,

Niemczak,

Nicol

et al. 2023

Aids

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“…Based on the evidence presented, it is crucial to conduct a scoping review on middle ear pathologies in children living with HIV. Although studies on HIV and other auditory pathologies exist (Dawood et al, 2019 ), little is known about this current area of investigation, hence the rationale for conducting this scoping review.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle ear pathologies in children living with HIV: A scoping review

Sebothoma

Maluleke

2022

South African Journal of Communication Disorders

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Background: Middle ear pathologies are associated with and persist in individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Yet, limited research exists on middle ear pathologies in children living with human immunodeficiency viruses.Objective: To systematically review evidence of middle ear pathologies in children living with HIV, how it is described, measures used to describe it and other relevant information.Methods: This study was a scoping review. The data were collected from different electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest, and Web of Science. The electronic database search was conducted for articles published between January 2010 and December 2020. Keywords used for searching relevant articles included ‘middle ear pathology’, ‘middle ear disorder’, ‘children’, ‘HIV’, ‘otitis media (OM)’, ‘hearing loss (HL)’, ‘hearing impairment’, ‘paediatric’, ‘minors’, ‘infants’ and ‘HIV/AIDS’. Only articles that were published in English and reported on the middle ear function and pathologies of children living with HIV were considered.Results: A total of 350 articles were extracted through databases, but only six studies were eligible and included for further analysis. Studies reviewed suggested that middle ear pathologies in children living with HIV exist and are common. Recurrent OM, type B tympanogram, chronic OM and HL with conductive element were common. Tympanometry with a 226 Hz probe tone and air bone gap were used commonly to establish the presence of middle ear pathology.Conclusion: The findings of this study highlighted that despite the dearth of evidence in this area, available evidence indicates that children living with HIV are at increased risk of middle ear pathology. However, studies in this review have mostly used middle ear measures with poor sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, the prevalence and nature of middle ear pathologies in studies reviewed may have been underreported. Further research using sensitive measures such as wideband acoustic immittance is required. Despite the paucity of evidence, the current findings raise important clinical implications for the assessment and management of middle ear pathologies in children living with HIV.Contribution: This study makes a significant contribution to the literature regarding middle ear pathologies and HIV, particularly in children.

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Children with HIV: A scoping review of auditory processing skills

Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

Auditory neural processing in children living with HIV uncovers underlying central nervous system dysfunction

Auditory neural processing in children living with HIV uncovers underlying central nervous system dysfunction

Middle ear pathologies in children living with HIV: A scoping review

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