Children with High‐Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders and Co‐occurring Anxiety Symptoms: Implications for Assessment and Treatment

Reaven, Judith A.

doi:10.1111/j.1744-6155.2009.00197.x

Cited by 60 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Despite the lack of a standardized pharmacological or psychosocial treatment program for the core symptoms of ASD, treatment of anxiety may be effectively managed. Several studies examined the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a form of psychotherapy for the treatment of anxiety disorders in children with ASD and found promising results (Reaven, 2009). However this field continues to be an area in need of research.…”

Section: Hyperactivity and Anxietymentioning

confidence: 98%

Autism Spectrum Disorders: Translating human deficits into mouse behavior

Pasciuto

Borrie

Kanellopoulos

et al. 2015

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

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Section: Hyperactivity and Anxietymentioning

confidence: 98%

Autism Spectrum Disorders: Translating human deficits into mouse behavior

Pasciuto

Borrie

Kanellopoulos

et al. 2015

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

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“…These issues present a particular diagnostic challenge (see Reaven 2009 for a review of assessment issues in this population) because of the impairments in language and self-reflection (for example) that may be present in even high-functioning individuals with ASD. Furthermore, symptoms could be interpreted differently depending on the examiner; for example, decreased eye contact could be interpreted either as lack of social interest representative of ASD or fear of evaluation representative of social anxiety.…”

Section: Assessment Of Comorbid Asd and Spmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiating High-Functioning Autism and Social Phobia

Tyson

Cruess

2011

J Autism Dev Disord

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Both high-functioning autism (HFA) and social phobia (SP) involve profound social interaction deficits. Although these disorders share some similar symptoms, they are conceptualized as distinct. Because both HFA and SP are defined behaviorally, the degree of overlap between the two disorders may result in misinterpretation of symptoms. However, the deficits in each disorder differ, particularly in areas of social interaction, emotion recognition and expression, and communication. This paper reviews the literature that informs our current understanding of the behavioral overlaps and differences in HFA and SP. The review also addresses the implications of our current knowledge of these two disorders for differential diagnosis, treatment, and future research. Interdisciplinary, developmentally-oriented research may help extend current approaches to HFA and SP.

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“…Tasks were chosen both as standard measures of stress-related behaviors in mice, and for relevance to the literature indicating anxiety, high reactivity to stressors, hyperreactivity to sensory stimuli, upset to change, and elevated neurochemical markers of stress in some people with autism (Tordjman et al, 1997, American Psychiatric Association, 2000, Lord et al, 2000, Rogers et al, 2003, Dawson et al, 2004, Rogers and Ozonoff, 2005, Corbett et al, 2006, Lam et al, 2006, Lord and Spence, 2006, Perry et al, 2007, Matson and Shoemaker, 2009, Reaven, 2009, Tordjman et al, 2009, Volkmar et al, 2009, Zwaigenbaum et al, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low stress reactivity and neuroendocrine factors in the BTBR T+tf/J mouse model of autism

et al. 2010

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Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by abnormal reciprocal social interactions, communication deficits, and repetitive behaviors with restricted interests. BTBR T+tf/J (BTBR) is an inbred mouse strain that displays robust behavioral phenotypes with analogies to all three of the diagnostic symptoms of autism, including low social interactions, reduced vocalizations in social settings, and high levels of repetitive self-grooming. Autism-relevant phenotypes in BTBR offer translational tools to discover neurochemical mechanisms underlying unusual mouse behaviors relevant to symptoms of autism. Because repetitive self-grooming in mice may be a displacement behavior elevated by stressors, we investigated neuroendocrine markers of stress and behavioral reactivity to stressors in BTBR mice, as compared to C57BL/6J, a standard inbred strain with high sociability. Radioimmunoassays replicated previous findings that circulating corticosterone is higher in the BTBR than in B6. Higher basal glucocorticoid receptor mRNA and higher oxytocin peptide levels were detected in the brains of BTBR as compared to B6. No significant differences were detected in corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) peptide or CRF mRNA. In response to behavioral stressors, BTBR and B6 were generally similar on behavioral tasks including stressinduced hyperthermia, elevated plus-maze, light ↔ dark exploration, tail flick, acoustic startle and prepulse inhibition. BTBR displayed less reactivity than B6 to a noxious thermal stimulus in the hot plate, and less immobility than B6 in both the forced swim and tail suspension depressionrelated tasks. BTBR, therefore, exhibited less depression-like scores than B6 on two standard tests sensitive to antidepressants, did not differ from B6 on two well-validated anxiety-like behaviors, and did not exhibit unusual stress reactivity to sensory stimuli. Our findings support the interpretation that autism-relevant social deficits, vocalizations, and repetitive behaviors are not the result of abnormal stress reactivity in the BTBR mouse model of autism.

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Children with High‐Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders and Co‐occurring Anxiety Symptoms: Implications for Assessment and Treatment

Abstract: Modifications necessary to make cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) protocols accessible to children with ASD are presented, along with specific suggestions for evaluating and treating anxiety symptoms.

Cited by 60 publications

References 41 publications

Autism Spectrum Disorders: Translating human deficits into mouse behavior

Autism Spectrum Disorders: Translating human deficits into mouse behavior

Differentiating High-Functioning Autism and Social Phobia

Low stress reactivity and neuroendocrine factors in the BTBR T+tf/J mouse model of autism

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