Children With Gender Nonconformity

Pickstone-Taylor, Simon

doi:10.1097/00004583-200303000-00005

Cited by 29 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The earliest reference in a scholarly publication is not in a review article or study, but a letter to the editor of the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. There, Pickstone-Taylor (2003) criticized Bradley and Zucker's (1997) report of treating gender variant children and compares their work to reparative therapy of homosexuality. However, Pickstone-Taylor's letter makes no mention of the religious or other theoretical beliefs underlying reparative therapies but instead focuses on what he sees as analogous efforts to reinforce gender conformity in adult gay patients and in gender variant children.…”

Section: Apa and Lgbt Civil Rightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Queer Diagnoses: Parallels and Contrasts in the History of Homosexuality, Gender Variance, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual

2009

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The American Psychiatric Association (APA) is in the process of revising its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM), with the DSM-V having an anticipated publication date of 2012. As part of that ongoing process, in May 2008, APA announced its appointment of the Work Group on Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders (WGSGID). The announcement generated a flurry of concerned and anxious responses in the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community, mostly focused on the status of the diagnostic categories of Gender Identity Disorder (GID) (for both children and adolescents and adults). Activists argued, as in the case of homosexuality in the 1970s, that it is wrong to label expressions of gender variance as symptoms of a mental disorder and that perpetuating DSM-IV-TR's GID diagnoses in the DSM-V would further stigmatize and cause harm to transgender individuals. Other advocates in the trans community expressed concern that deleting GID would lead to denying medical and surgical care for transgender adults. This review explores how criticisms of the existing GID diagnoses parallel and contrast with earlier historical events that led APA to remove homosexuality from the DSM in 1973. It begins with a brief introduction to binary formulations that lead not only to linkages of sexual orientation and gender identity, but also to scientific and clinical etiological theories that implicitly moralize about matters of sexuality and gender. Next is a review of the history of how homosexuality came to be removed from the DSM-II in 1973 and how, not long thereafter, the GID diagnoses found their way into DSM-III in 1980. Similarities and differences in the relationships of homosexuality and gender identity to psychiatric and medical thinking are elucidated. Following a discussion of these issues, the author recommends changes in the DSM-V and some internal and public actions that the American Psychiatric Association should take.

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Section: Apa and Lgbt Civil Rightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Queer Diagnoses: Parallels and Contrasts in the History of Homosexuality, Gender Variance, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual

2009

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“…For instance, Pickstone-Taylor (2003) recommended the term “gender nonconformity” to indicate that GIV does not constitute psychopathology. Obviously, this would preclude insurance coverage for treatment procedures under current regulations in many countries and even potentially jeopardize legal protections under disability regulations.…”

Section: Options For Givs In Dsm-vmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Mental Disorder to Iatrogenic Hypogonadism: Dilemmas in Conceptualizing Gender Identity Variants as Psychiatric Conditions

Meyer‐Bahlburg

2009

Arch Sex Behav

145

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The categorization of gender identity variants (GIVs) as “mental disorders” in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) of the American Psychiatric Association (APA) is highly controversial among professionals as well as among persons with GIV. After providing a brief history of GIV categorizations in the DSM, this paper presents some of the major issues of the ongoing debate: GIV as psychopathology versus natural variation; definition of “impairment” and “distress” for GID; associated psychopathology and its relation to stigma; the stigma impact of the mental-disorder label itself; the unusual character of “sex reassignment surgery” as a psychiatric treatment; and the consequences for health and mental-health services if the disorder label is removed. Finally, several categorization options are examined: Retaining the GID category, but possibly modifying its grouping with other syndromes; narrowing the definition to dysphoria and taking “disorder” out of the label; categorizing GID as a neurological or medical rather than a psychiatric disorder; removing GID from both the DSM and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD); and creating a special category for GIV in the DSM. I conclude that--as also evident in other DSM categories--the decision on the categorization of GIVs cannot be achieved on a purely scientific basis, and that a consensus for a pragmatic compromise needs to be arrived at that accommodates both scientific considerations and the service needs of persons with GIVs.

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“…There is often concern that by supporting a younger gender-variant child in their self-defined gender identity or gender expression, the school will be inadvertently creating a psychological pathology in the child. This is reflective of the general debate in psychiatry about the appropriate response to cross-gender identification in young children (Cohen-Kettenis & Pfäfflin, 2003;Pickstone-Taylor, 2003) and is made more complex when the parents or guardians are strongly opposed to their child being allowed to explore and express cross-gender identity and behavior. Generally, we advocate that elementary schools create environments that normalize gender diversity, find age-appropriate ways to counter gender stereotypes, and support gender exploration (including cross-gender role playing, experimentation with different names and pronouns, etc.).…”

Section: Schoolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social and Medical Transgender Case Advocacy

Holman

Goldberg²

2006

International Journal of Transgenderism

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While some clients are confident self-advocates, many transgender individuals and loved ones find it difficult to advocate for themselves and turn to a trusted clinician for assistance. This article discusses the role of the health and social service clinician in transgender case advocacy. Although the setting, circumstances, and client needs vary greatly, the overarching goal of clinical advocacy is to address the societal barriers that interfere with clients' functionality and well-being. We suggest a protocol for advocacy assessment in the clinical setting and discuss trans-specific advocacy concerns relating to financial assistance, employment, changing identification, general advocacy, and outline concerns of specific populations within the transgender community.

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Children With Gender Nonconformity

Cited by 29 publications

References 4 publications

Queer Diagnoses: Parallels and Contrasts in the History of Homosexuality, Gender Variance, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual

Queer Diagnoses: Parallels and Contrasts in the History of Homosexuality, Gender Variance, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual

From Mental Disorder to Iatrogenic Hypogonadism: Dilemmas in Conceptualizing Gender Identity Variants as Psychiatric Conditions

Social and Medical Transgender Case Advocacy

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