Children with developmental dyslexia showed greater sleep disturbances than controls, including problems initiating and maintaining sleep

Carotenuto, Marco; Esposito, Maria; Cortese, Samuele; Laino, Daniela; Verrotti, Alberto

doi:10.1111/apa.13472

Cited by 31 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In fact, affected children and adolescents present specific cognitive impairments (Posar et al, 2014), which pinpoint the close relationship between sleep and cognition (Esposito and Carotenuto, 2014). Moreover, probably due to the same role in sleep modulation, orexin seems to be also involved in the pathogenesis of migraine (Rainero et al, 2008) as suggested by the link between NREM sleep instability and risk of cognitive impairments and behavioral problems (McCoy and Strecker, 2011; Bruni et al, 2012; Colonna et al, 2015; Carotenuto et al, 2016, Figure 3). …”

Section: Sleep/wake Regulationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Orexin System: The Key for a Healthy Life

et al. 2017

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The orexin-A/hypocretin-1 and orexin-B/hypocretin-2 are neuropeptides synthesized by a cluster of neurons in the lateral hypothalamus and perifornical area. Orexin neurons receive a variety of signals related to environmental, physiological and emotional stimuli, and project broadly to the entire CNS. Orexin neurons are “multi-tasking” neurons regulating a set of vital body functions, including sleep/wake states, feeding behavior, energy homeostasis, reward systems, cognition and mood. Furthermore, a dysfunction of orexinergic system may underlie different pathological conditions. A selective loss orexin neurons was found in narcolepsia, supporting the crucial role of orexins in maintaining wakefulness. In animal models, orexin deficiency lead to obesity even if the consume of calories is lower than wildtype counterpart. Reduced physical activity appears the main cause of weight gain in these models resulting in energy imbalance. Orexin signaling promotes obesity resistance via enhanced spontaneous physical activity and energy expenditure regulation and the deficiency/dysfunction in orexins system lead to obesity in animal models despite of lower calories intake than wildtype associated with reduced physical activity. Interestingly, orexinergic neurons show connections to regions involved in cognition and mood regulation, including hippocampus. Orexins enhance hippocampal neurogenesis and improve spatial learning and memory abilities, and mood. Conversely, orexin deficiency results in learning and memory deficits, and depression.

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Section: Sleep/wake Regulationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Orexin System: The Key for a Healthy Life

et al. 2017

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“…However, the association of dyslexia with insomnia is not much reported and less understood. A study by Carotenuto et al showed an increased prevalence of sleep disorders in dyslexia [2]. This is attributed to the increase in number of sleep spindles and long periods of slow wave sleep which reflects on language learning [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Learning and cognitive skills of children depend on good quality of sleep. Sleep disorders were found to have a higher prevalence in children with dyslexia [2]. We report a rare case of psychophysiological insomnia diagnosed in a nine-year-old boy, the evaluation of which unmasked his learning disability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Specific Learning Disability Unmasked by Psychophysiological Insomnia

Narasimhan

Anitha

Battula

2020

Cureus

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“…Some of these may be causal to varying degrees (Table ). The common associated problems include ADHD, anxiety and poor mental health, motor co‐ordination and sleep problems . It may be necessary to address complicating problems (such as sleep, ADHD or mental health) before the learning problems can be managed appropriately. Immediate management: Before remediation (activities intended to accelerate learning in the affected area), several preliminary steps provide a foundation for ongoing success: ○ Common understanding: Consider the set of people involved in the child's care (parents, teachers, tutors, relatives) and ensure a communication strategy that enables them all to understand the child's SLD in the same way.…”

Section: What the Doctor Can Domentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific learning disability

McDowell

2018

J Paediatrics Child Health

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Specific learning disabilities (SLD) have an impact on discrete areas of academic function. They result in a level of difficulty that is unexpected when considered in the context of a student's overall intellectual and academic competence. A common example is dyslexia, an SLD that affects the acquisition of literacy. Medical professionals have an important role to play in the evaluation and management of SLD. The medical role is founded on the fact that these conditions are biologically based and have the potential to cause significant harm for the developing child. Even if details of biological causation are not possible to demonstrate for individual children, medical professionals may, nevertheless, make an important judgement call regarding the likelihood of aetiology. When learning problems are medically based, it is clearly unreasonable to expect children to do more than they are able and to learn faster than is reasonable. Advocacy around these biological presumptions and their implications is a major contribution to the well‐being of children who have SLD.

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Children with developmental dyslexia showed greater sleep disturbances than controls, including problems initiating and maintaining sleep

Cited by 31 publications

References 25 publications

Orexin System: The Key for a Healthy Life

Orexin System: The Key for a Healthy Life

Specific Learning Disability Unmasked by Psychophysiological Insomnia

Specific learning disability

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