Children taken into care and custody and the ‘troubled families’ agenda in <scp>E</scp>ngland

Hayden, Carol; Jenkins, Craig

doi:10.1111/cfs.12095

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Although this study is specific to Nigeria, international migration means that social workers and carers in many European countries, North America and Australasia have to deal with an increasing number of children from West Africa. As stated earlier, in the UK 4% of children and young people in care at any one time and 6% of annual admissions are of African heritage and these figures are almost certainly higher in cities (Hayden and Jenkins, 2015). Whereas children of ‘African origin’ is a broad term, there is a substantial risk that when assessing these children's needs, British social workers may make unjustified assumptions, such as that past residential care has automatically been bad while foster care has always been good, whereas this might not be the case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Culturally sensitive child placement: key findings from a survey of looked after children in foster and residential care in Ibadan, Nigeria

Ushie

Osamor

Obieje

et al. 2016

Adoption & Fostering

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The quality of the caregiver–child relationship is key to the well-being of children but assumptions based on research in western countries about the benefits of different types of substitute care may be questionable when applied elsewhere. This study assessed the quality of caregiver–child relationships and their association with child abuse in foster and residential care in Nigeria. The findings are relevant to European and North American countries as 4% of those looked after and 6% of care entrants in England are of African heritage and it is too easy to draw wrong conclusions about the care they might have received in their own countries. The study scrutinised 314 children aged 7–17 years from foster (157) and residential care settings (157) and assessed the caregiver–child relationship using the Positive Relationship Scale. The child abuse measure covered physical, sexual and emotional components and aggregated these into a single score. The subsequent analysis explored differences in child abuse between foster and residential care and the significance of other factors influencing levels of child abuse. It was found that the children in residential care had more positive relationships with caregivers than did those in foster care, even though abuse occurred in both settings. There were no gender differences in experiences of child abuse in either setting but children under the age of 12 were significantly more likely to have been abused while in care than those over this age. For children in residential care, age was the most significant factor associated with abuse. As these findings provide a perspective on children in substitute care in a West African city, they may be useful to social workers elsewhere who are responsible for children of African heritage, as they suggest that abuse often occurs in foster homes and that child–carer relationships in residential establishments can be good.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Culturally sensitive child placement: key findings from a survey of looked after children in foster and residential care in Ibadan, Nigeria

Ushie

Osamor

Obieje

et al. 2016

Adoption & Fostering

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“…The kind of transactional, relationship-based approaches (Tilly, 2008) found in parts of the Families Programme was very different from those envisaged in the Governments' approach to family policy, where policy and rhetoric shifted responsibility on to "troubled" (Lambert & Crossley, 2017) and "antisocial" families (Hayden & Jenkins, 2015), as already indicated. Fathers were also engaged in the programme in some cases, a group which many previous initiatives have found hard to involve (Allen & Daly, 2007), and families were more involved in decisionmaking generally.…”

Section: Building Relationships With Families and Involving Them In Dmentioning

confidence: 91%

Vulnerable Children, Young People, and Families: Policy, Practice, and Social Justice in England and Scotland

Jopling

Vincent

2020

Handbook on Promoting Social Justice in Education

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This chapter begins by highlighting the rise of vulnerability as a term in social policy, and the three-level approach that is used to examine it. The first level is definitional, examining the possibility of defining vulnerability and vulnerabilities through a consideration of relevant literature and a number of recent policy documents. The second looks at how policy developments in Scotland and England have diverged, particularly since 2010, and how vulnerability has become more central to education policy in England. The third level focuses on practice, presenting research undertaken by authors into a programme developed to support vulnerable children, young people, and families in Northern England as a case study exemplifying some of the factors affecting the effectiveness of

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“…This study evolved from questions raised by earlier work conducted for the same local authority (Hayden & Jenkins, 2015). The local authority wanted further analysis of the data specifically on offending and children in care, because of the higher annual rate of recorded offending for children in care already noted.…”

Section: Research Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of offending behaviour over time for different groups of children in relation to time spent in and out of care

Hayden

Graves

2017

Child & Family Social Work

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Children who spend time in care are more likely to have an official record of offending behaviour than the general population. However, there is a lack of longitudinal research on the timing, severity, and volume of offending in relation to time spent in and out of care. Furthermore, differences in patterns of offending by identifiable groups in care are rarely a focus of research.This study is both longitudinal and identifies 8 groups within the care population with different volumes of recorded offending: ranging from a mean of 41.75 (prolific) to 1.60 (low). Substance misuse, gender, and reasons for referral to care were associated with different patterns of offending in and out of care. The study is primarily based on a subsample of 64 children who had offended whilst in care. The subsample represents 38.5% of a cohort of children who had been in care or were taken into care over a particular period (2008)(2009)(2010)(2011) in one local authority.The placements and recorded offences of the 64 children were tracked for a further 2 years (2011)(2012)(2013). The study highlights future areas of research and the need for more tailored responses to different groups within the care system. . In recent years, more children are spending some time in care and the rate per 10,000 children younger than 18 years has increased from 54 to 60 between 2009.Taylor (2003) argues that the relationship between care, troublesome behaviour, and criminal careers has often been taken as a given, without being properly understood and evidenced. Young people in care are not a homogenous population; they spend very different amounts of time in and out of care, in different types and combinations of placement; and they bring with them different combinations of issues that may intersect with their vulnerability to getting into trouble. Fitzpatrick, Williams, and Coyne (2016) argue that many of the issues that relate to how the criminal justice system interacts with children in care and care leavers cannot be neatly dealt with. They argue that these issues connect with broader policy, such as the age of criminal responsibility in England and the support provided for care leavers. Narey (2016) highlights other issues such as Home Office counting rules and police discretion in relation to responses to police call-outs to residential care. In other words, the broader policy setting in which young people in care get a record of offending behaviour is part of the problem, and it can conflict with targeted initiatives aimed at reducing the number of children in care with a record of offending.The current empirical study is framed by broader theoretical explanations relevant to offending behaviour and children in care and key research evidence on the prevalence of offending behaviour by children in care (specifically longitudinal research). The study sets out to answer five research questions. First, what is the prevalence of offending behaviour amongst children and young people who have spent time in care? Second, do young people com...

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Children taken into care and custody and the ‘troubled families’ agenda in England

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

Culturally sensitive child placement: key findings from a survey of looked after children in foster and residential care in Ibadan, Nigeria

Culturally sensitive child placement: key findings from a survey of looked after children in foster and residential care in Ibadan, Nigeria

Vulnerable Children, Young People, and Families: Policy, Practice, and Social Justice in England and Scotland

Patterns of offending behaviour over time for different groups of children in relation to time spent in and out of care

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