“…Similar to forgiveness, less than 20% of the participants expressed a sense of religiosity, suggesting that it may not be a salient source of personal meaning for this sample. Rather, children at this age seem to conceptualize religion concretely, lacking the cognitive capacity to extract real meaning or benefit from the abstract concepts of God, prayer, faith, and the like (Lawrence, 1965). This lack of abstract reasoning may result in a purely extrinsic religiosity (i.e., the use of religion for the achievement of external rewards; Allport & Ross, 1967), which has been linked with negative mental health indicators such as anxiety (e.g., Baker & Gorsuch, 1982) and depression (Smith, McCullough, & Poll, 2003).…”