Children's Posture and Muscle Activity at Different Computer Display Heights and During Paper Information Technology Use

Straker, Leon; Burgess-Limerick, Robin; Pollock, Clare; Coleman, Jemma; Skoss, Rachel; Maslen, Barbara

doi:10.1518/001872008x250575

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Researchers has been trying to quantify muscle activities, to examine the physical impact of the use computers on the MSK system of children, to identify or propose risk factors for development of MSDs, or to compare paper-based tasks with computerbased ones in order to quantify the variation in muscle activity regarding the computer use of children. (Oates et al 1998;Leaser et al 1998;Ciccarelli et al 2006;Breen et al 2007;Maslen and Straker 2009;Straker et al 2008a, b;Straker et al 2009a;Brink et al 2009;Harris 2010;Zovkic et al 2011;Dockrell et al 2010). However, there are very few studies about new mobile technologies such as laptops and tablet PCs and risks associated with their use by children for educational purposes.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posture, Musculoskeletal Activities, and Possible Musculoskeletal Discomfort Among Children Using Laptops or Tablet Computers for Educational Purposes: A Literature Review

Binboğa

Korhan

2014

J Sci Educ Technol

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Educational ergonomics focuses on the interaction between educational performance and educational design. By improving the design or pointing out the possible problems, educational ergonomics can be utilized to have positive impacts on the student performance and thus on education process. Laptops and tablet computers are becoming widely used by school children and beginning to be used effectively for educational purposes. As the latest generation of laptops and tablet computers are mobile and lightweight compared to conventional personal computers, they support student-centred interaction-based learning. However, these technologies have been introduced into schools with minimal adaptations to furniture or attention to ergonomics. There are increasing reports of an association between increased musculoskeletal (MSK) problems in children and use of such technologies. Although children are among the users of laptops and tablet computers both in their everyday lives and at schools, the literature investigating MSK activities and possible MSK discomfort regarding children using portable technologies is limited. This study reviews the literature to identify published studies that investigated posture, MSK activities, and possible MSK discomfort among children using mobile technologies (laptops or tablet computers) for educational purposes. An electronic search of the literature published in English between January 1994 and January 2014 was performed in several databases. The literature search terms were identified and combined to search the databases. The search results that the resources investigating MSK outcomes of laptop or tablet use of children are very scarce. This review points out the research gaps in this field, and identifying areas for future studies.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posture, Musculoskeletal Activities, and Possible Musculoskeletal Discomfort Among Children Using Laptops or Tablet Computers for Educational Purposes: A Literature Review

Binboğa

Korhan

2014

J Sci Educ Technol

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“…The children applied twice the relative force to operate the mouse buttons. Proportional head mass is also a developmental difference between adults and children and it has been suggested that this may affect the physical ramifications for children viewing different display heights (Straker et al 2008a). Yan and Fischer (2004) reviewed the literature concerning cognitive and social differences in learning to use computers and concluded that very little was known about developmental differences between children and adults in this context.…”

Section: Children Are Different To Adults Physically Cognitively Somentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The influence of display height (Straker et al 2008a) and forearm support (Straker et al in press) on posture, muscle activity and their exposure variability (Straker et al 2009b) was investigated in children. Variability of adult posture and muscle activity was also compared to that of children aged 10-12 years and 5-6 years (Maslen and Straker 2009).…”

Section: Progress Towards Evidence-based Child Specific Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles for the wise use of computers by children

2009

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Computer use by children at home and school is now common in many countries. Child computer exposure varies with the type of computer technology available and the child's age, gender and social group. This paper reviews the current exposure data and the evidence for positive and negative effects of computer use by children. Potential positive effects of computer use by children include enhanced cognitive development and school achievement, reduced barriers to social interaction, enhanced fine motor skills and visual processing and effective rehabilitation. Potential negative effects include threats to child safety, inappropriate content, exposure to violence, bullying, Internet 'addiction', displacement of moderate/vigorous physical activity, exposure to junk food advertising, sleep displacement, vision problems and musculoskeletal problems. The case for child specific evidence-based guidelines for wise use of computers is presented based on children using computers differently to adults, being physically, cognitively and socially different to adults, being in a state of change and development and the potential to impact on later adult risk. Progress towards child-specific guidelines is reported. Finally, a set of guideline principles is presented as the basis for more detailed guidelines on the physical, cognitive and social impact of computer use by children. The principles cover computer literacy, technology safety, child safety and privacy and appropriate social, cognitive and physical development. The majority of children in affluent communities now have substantial exposure to computers. This is likely to have significant effects on child physical, cognitive and social development. Ergonomics can provide and promote guidelines for wise use of computers by children and by doing so promote the positive effects and reduce the negative effects of computer-child, and subsequent computer-adult, interaction.

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“…A study of children 10-12 years of age also indicated the same implications for computer use by children as are reported for adults. The mid position of the screen was shown to be the preferred position in terms of gaze, posture and muscle activity in the trapezius descendens and cervical erector spinae [37]. As a result, ergonomic advice and adjustments in the working environment for children with and without headache is recommended, particularly with the widespread use of tablets in schools and the amount of time spent using electronic devices.…”

Section: Posture Muscle Activity and The Use Of Electronic Devices Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children and Adolescents with Primary Tension‐Type Headaches: Research and Practice Perspectives for Non‐ Pharmacological Interdisciplinary Headache Service

Tornøe¹

2017

Current Perspectives on Less-Known Aspects of Headache

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Background: Children and adolescents with frequent and chronic primary headaches are, with a prevalence of 2-23% depending on diagnosis, age, sex and frequency, a global health concern. Research on non-pharmacological treatment outcomes is sparse. Headache service faces a challenge because possible sensitisation of pain pathways can affect outcomes leading to a delay in becoming symptom free or being cured. Method:This chapter provides a narrative review of research containing suggestions for relevant focus areas for professionals who work with children and their parents in the process of self-care. Conclusions:Research supports that increased pericranial tenderness in children with consistent primary tension-type headache is a consequence of activated pain pathways and relevant for clinical assessment. Tension patterns, posture, muscle balance and strength in the neck/shoulder region are areas of importance for minimising the triggering of input to the nociceptive system. Lifestyle factors such as sleep, nutrition, stress and tension regulation, posture and ergonomics, physical activity (PA) and exercise are a key part of non-pharmacological team service. Empowering patient education that provides children and adolescents with the knowledge and drive to persistently pursue healthy lifestyle changes is the basis for potentially successful outcomes in terms of ethical, cultural and educational issues.

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Children's Posture and Muscle Activity at Different Computer Display Heights and During Paper Information Technology Use

Abstract: This study provides short-term laboratory study evidence for the formulation of guidelines for workstation design and adjustment for children. Use of computers by children is increasing, yet ergonomic guidelines lag behind those for adults.

Cited by 41 publications

References 27 publications

Posture, Musculoskeletal Activities, and Possible Musculoskeletal Discomfort Among Children Using Laptops or Tablet Computers for Educational Purposes: A Literature Review

Posture, Musculoskeletal Activities, and Possible Musculoskeletal Discomfort Among Children Using Laptops or Tablet Computers for Educational Purposes: A Literature Review

Principles for the wise use of computers by children

Children and Adolescents with Primary Tension‐Type Headaches: Research and Practice Perspectives for Non‐ Pharmacological Interdisciplinary Headache Service

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