Children's Development and Use of Inferences About Intentions and Motives in Moral Judgment

Emler, Nicholas

doi:10.1111/j.2044-8279.1978.tb02386.x

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The remainder of the article is devoted to consideration of some of the specific issues that such a model might address. The discussion draws heavily from FlavelPs (1971,1974) speculations on different stage-related properties of cognitive development and interpersonal inference and studies (e.g., Bearison & Isaacs, 1975;Emler, 1978) of these properties in the moral sphere. In light of the work of Mischel and Mischel (1976), Brown and Herrnstein (197S), Kohlberg (1969), Leming (1978), Aronfreed (1976), and others, factors mediating various aspects of the moral judgment process are also briefly discussed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The juvenile delinquent as a moral philosopher: A structural-developmental perpective.

Jurkovic¹

1980

Psychological Bulletin

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Reviews structural–developmental studies of the hypothesized moral immaturity of juvenile delinquents. Despite methodological problems related to the assessment of both delinquent conduct and moral judgment, discernible trends in the data have begun to emerge. Perhaps most significant is that delinquency only moderately relates to a premoral ideological orientation. Although reliable differences between delinquent and nondelinquent youths in moral reasoning have not been demonstrated, moral judgment stage appears to covary with personality and behavioral characteristics of the delinquents themselves. Evidence also suggests that their level of moral judgment is significantly influenced by a variety of situational, motivational, and attitudinal variables. In light of these results, distinctions are drawn (following J. Flavell in T. Mischel, 1974) between underlying sociomoral capabilities and the tendency to exercise and apply these capabilities. Factors mediating various components of the moral judgment process in juvenile offenders are discussed. (3 p ref)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A multiplicity of skills come into play in the course of judging moral problems and dilemmas. Following Flavell (1971Flavell ( , 1974, Bearison andIsaacs (1975), andEmler (1978), these skills can be roughly categorized into four classes:…”

Section: Components Oj the Moral Judgment Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

The juvenile delinquent as a moral philosopher: A structural-developmental perpective.

Jurkovic¹

1980

Psychological Bulletin

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“…Failure to accept responsibility may also be observable in children. Emler (1978) argued that between the ages of 5 and 7, children can give appropriate causal accounts of incidents and the role of intention and motive when judging hypothetical situations. Attributional errors such as hostile attribution bias have also been identified in children and are considered to be functionally linked to aggression (Dodge, 1980).…”

Section: Deficient Affective Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

Psychopathic‐like traits in childhood: conceptual and measurement concerns

Johnstone¹,

Cooke²

2004

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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Can psychopathy be identified in pre-adolescent children? This question has both theoretical and practical implications. So far, attempts to answer this question have been made by making downward extensions of symptoms of the disorder as found in adults. We argue that for the construct of psychopathy to be viable as a construct in childhood it is necessary to demonstrate that a coherent syndrome of symptoms can be identified during childhood. To achieve this it is necessary first to use a strong measurement model, and second to use developmentally informed conceptualizations of key constructs. In order to progress from the measurement perspective, it is necessary to demonstrate (i) configural invariance of symptoms across key ages, (ii) similar performance of age cognate symptoms across key ages, and (iii) stability of relative standing on the latent trait across age. Novel techniques including item response methods and structural equation modelling techniques are required. In this paper, we review the relevant literature and evaluate the strength, or otherwise, of the evidence that key traits of psychopathy can be observed in childhood.

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“…Although motives become far more important than consequences for older children, there are occasions when the consequences of an action are so terrible that a consideration of motives is over-ridden. Elmer (1978) added another facet to the topic by drawing attention to different types of motives and to the possibility that people may be the cause of an event either intentionally or accidentally.…”

Section: Moral Reasoningmentioning

confidence: 99%