Children Involved in Road Traffic Accidents: Psychological Sequelae and Issues for Mental Health Services

Stallard, Paul; Velleman, Richard; Baldwin, Sarah

doi:10.1177/1359104501006001004

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…There are obvious clinical implications for prevention, early recognition and treatment of psychological consequences in child victims of road accidents (Hepinstall, 1996;Stallard et al 2001) that are rather similar to those which we have previously described for adults . In particular, it is apparent that psychological issues need to be considered in children who have suffered minor injuries as well as those suffering much more serious injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Psychological consequences of road traffic accidents for children and their mothers

et al. 2004

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Psychological consequences of road traffic accidents for children and their mothers

et al. 2004

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“…If posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) persist for over one month and cause significant distress or impairment in functioning, the diagnosis posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is warranted [ 4 ]. PTSD is only one consequence of RTAs, other psychological effects include travel anxiety and phobic anxiety disorder [ 5 , 6 ], and depression and generalised anxiety disorder [ 2 , 7 ]. Posttraumatic stress disorders were first applied to children in DSM-IIIR in 1987 [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal follow-up of posttraumatic stress: from 9 months to 20 years after a major road traffic accident

Arnberg

Rydelius

Lundin

2011

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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BackgroundAlthough road traffic accidents (RTA) are a major cause of injury and a cause of posttraumatic stress (PTS) in the aftermath, little is known about the long-term psychological effects of RTA.MethodsThis prospective longitudinal study assessed long-term PTS, grief, and general mental health after a bus carrying 23 sixth-grade schoolchildren crashed on a school outing and 12 children died. Directly affected (i.e., children in the crash) and indirectly affected children (i.e., all pupils in the sixth grade who were not in the crash) were surveyed at 9 months (N = 102), 4 years (N = 51), and 20 years (N = 40) after the event. Psychological distress was assessed by single items, including sadness, avoidance, intrusions, and guilt. After 20 years, PTS was assessed by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised.ResultsStress reactions were prevalent 9 months after the event, with sadness (69%) and avoidance (59%) being highly represented in both directly and indirectly affected groups, whereas, nightmares (60%) and feelings of guilt (50%) were only frequent in those directly affected. The frequency of sadness and avoidance decreased after 4 years in the indirectly exposed (ps < .05). After 20 years, the directly affected had a higher prevalence of PTS (p = .003), but not decreased general mental health (p = .14), than those indirectly affected.ConclusionsThe limitations preclude assertive conclusions. Nonetheless, the findings corroborate previous studies reporting traumatic events are associated with long-term PTS, but not with decreased general mental health.

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“…There is some evidence that children's posttrauma reactions following a road traffic accident are related to whether a parent was involved in the accident or caused it (Stallard, Velleman, & Baldwin, 2001). Two other studies have shown that parental involvement in an accident is a predictor of poor psychological adjustment in the child (deVries et al, 1999;Ellis et al, 1998).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Exposure To a Traumatic Eventmentioning

confidence: 97%

Early Identification of Children at Risk for Developing Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Following Traumatic Injuries

Allen

Pfefferbaum

Cuccio

et al. 2008

J. of Psych. Trauma

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Child injuries are the largest cause of morbidity and mortality among youth in the United States. However, there has been less research attention focused on psychiatric sequelae of serious childhood injuries than on other types of childhood trauma. This article reviews psychiatric sequelae following childhood injury and examines the risk and resilience factors relative to developing posttraumatic stress symptoms following a traumatic injury. Practical applications of risk and protective factors are illustrated through a hospital consultation regarding a 12-year-old girl who sustained an injury following an accident with a lawn mower.

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Children Involved in Road Traffic Accidents: Psychological Sequelae and Issues for Mental Health Services

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Psychological consequences of road traffic accidents for children and their mothers

Psychological consequences of road traffic accidents for children and their mothers

A longitudinal follow-up of posttraumatic stress: from 9 months to 20 years after a major road traffic accident

Early Identification of Children at Risk for Developing Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Following Traumatic Injuries

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