The purpose of this mixed methods dissertation study is to answer the following simple question: What is child counseling? There is a dearth of literature on the clinical competencies involved in child counseling. Additionally, there is little training specific to children in professional counseling. An introduction to the need for child counseling competencies is accompanied by a review of literature that includes discussion of the child counseling subfield, the training structure for child counselors, related ethical and legal issues in counseling children, and child counseling competency systems and theories. A framework is introduced from which to base a child counseling competency system. A mixed methods classical Delphi study was employed to engage a panel of 37 child counseling experts about what constitutes the practice of child counseling and what makes it unique. Initial items for a comprehensive child counseling competency system were illuminated.This study resulted in 57 items that encompass child counseling competencies in the core domains of child counseling attitudes, knowledge, skills and actions. Additionally, participants ranked items for a final list of ten competencies in child counseling that including the following:(1) passion for children, (2) authenticity, (3) advocating for children, (4) evidence-based treatments, (5) knowledge of legal and ethical issues with counseling children, (6) using congruence, empathy and nonjudgment, (7) meeting children where they are, (8) multicultural competence with children, (9) speaking the language of the children, and (10) self-reflection.These competencies are arranged in narrative and figure form and discussions involve how they can inform future counselor training and licensure.