Children born extremely preterm show significant lower cognitive, language and motor function levels compared with children born at term, as measured by the Bayley-III at 2.5 years

Månsson, Johanna; Stjernqvist, Karin

doi:10.1111/apa.12585

Cited by 84 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Similar to findings in the EXPRESS study (22), the BSID III language and motor subscales in this study differed in mean and SDs as compared to BSID III reference data ( Table 1). Therefore, we used the results of each subscale in the analysis instead of language and motor indexes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Another possibility is that the BSID III gross motor subscale relies less on visual tracking abilities since no moving objects are included among the tasks at this age level. In the Swedish EXPRESS study, a national population-based study of infants born before 27 gestational weeks, the gross motor subscale identified fewer children with disability at 2.5 y corrected age (prevalence 7%) than the other BSID III subscales (prevalence 11-15%) (22).…”

Section: Neonatal Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual tracking in very preterm infants at 4 mo predicts neurodevelopment at 3 y of age

et al. 2016

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Background: Typically developing infants track moving objects with eye and head movements in a smooth and predictive way at 4 mo of age, but this ability is delayed in very preterm infants. We hypothesized that visual tracking ability in very preterm infants predicts later neurodevelopment. Method: In 67 very preterm infants (gestational age<32 wk), eye and head movements were assessed at 4 mo corrected age while the infant tracked a moving object. Gaze gain, smooth pursuit, head movements, and timing of gaze relative the object were analyzed off line. Results of the five subscales included in the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID-III) at 3 y of age were evaluated in relation to the visual tracking data and to perinatal risk factors. results: Significant correlations were obtained between gaze gain and cognition, receptive and expressive language, and fine motor function, respectively, also after controlling for gestational age, severe brain damage, retinopathy of prematurity, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. conclusion: This is the first study demonstrating that the basic ability to visually track a moving object at 4 mo robustly predicts neurodevelopment at 3 y of age in children born very preterm.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Neonatal Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual tracking in very preterm infants at 4 mo predicts neurodevelopment at 3 y of age

et al. 2016

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“…Even at term-corrected age, the brains in preterm infants may show compromised gray matter volume and altered developmental trajectory (1), probably explaining delayed neonatal arousal (2,3) and immature neuromuscular function and brain electroencephalography (4). In more longterm studies, preterm infants have shown reduced postural complexity (5) and lowered motor function (6), potentially persisting until school age (7), or even into adulthood (8). Thus, early impairment of physical locomotion in preterm infants may have long-term consequences.…”

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confidence: 99%

Physical activity level is impaired and diet dependent in preterm newborn pigs

et al. 2015

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Background: Preterm infants show delayed development of motor function after birth. This may relate to functional immaturity of many organs, including the gut and brain. Using pigs as model for preterm infants, we hypothesized that early initiation of enteral feeding stimulates both gut growth and neonatal physical activity. Methods:In experiment 1, preterm and term pigs were fed parenteral nutrition (PN) or PN plus bovine colostrum (BC, 16-64 ml/kg/d enterally) for 5 d. In experiment 2, preterm pigs were fed PN+BC or PN+formula for 5 d. In experiment 3, preterm pigs were fed BC, formula, or human milk (HM) for 10 d. Incubator home cage activity (HCA) was quantified by continuous camera recordings. results: Preterm birth was associated with reduced intestinal weight and HCA (experiment 1), and BC or formula supplementation increased intestinal weights and HCA (experiments 1+2). Enteral BC and HM feeding increased HCA, intestinal weights, and necrotizing enteritis resistance, relative to formula (experiment 3). conclusion: Preterm pigs show decreased physical activity, and the first enteral feeds diet dependently stimulate both gut growth and physical activity. The effects may arise from maturation of digestive, metabolic, and neurological functions, including gut serotonin production, by the first enteral feeds and milk bioactive factors.P reterm infants are a high-risk patient population with a variety of developmental complications, including delayed neurodevelopment and a high incidence of brain insults. Even when newborn preterm infants show no clinically observable brain defects, it is common to observe that such infants exhibit slower postnatal development of motor skills, compared with term infants. Even at term-corrected age, the brains in preterm infants may show compromised gray matter volume and altered developmental trajectory (1), probably explaining delayed neonatal arousal (2,3) and immature neuromuscular function and brain electroencephalography (4). In more longterm studies, preterm infants have shown reduced postural complexity (5) and lowered motor function (6), potentially persisting until school age (7), or even into adulthood (8). Thus, early impairment of physical locomotion in preterm infants may have long-term consequences.There is rapidly increasing evidence of functional links among the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), the diet, and the brain, especially in early life (9). Growth rate and nutrient intakes in early life may affect later neuromuscular and cognitive outcomes, but the mechanisms are largely unknown (10). Much focus has been devoted to the possible role of the lipid fraction of milk, but firm evidence for diet effects are lacking, not only in infants (11) but also in various animal models (12). In addition to the direct effects of nutrients and dietary factors on neurodevelopmental endpoints, indirect effects may arise from links between the early diet on gut growth, enteric nervous system, signaling molecules like serotonin (5-HT), and/ or gut microbiota. Studies in mice show...

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“…Egy 2014-es vizsgálatban 2,5 éves korú extrém mérté-kű koraszülött gyermekek pszichomotoros teljesítmé-nyét kilenc hónapra született gyermekekkel összehason-lítva azt tapasztalták, hogy mind kognitív, nyelvi és motoros szinten is szignifikánsan alacsonyabb mutatókkal jellemezhetők a koraszülött gyermekek [24]. Sansavini és mtsai [25] szintén hasonló eredményeket tapasztaltak.…”

Section: A Koraszülött Gyermekek Fejlődési Jellegzetességeiunclassified

A bántalmazás és a koraszülés összefüggései a kétéves kori pszichomotoros fejlődés tükrében

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Nagy

2017

Orvosi Hetilap

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Bevezetés: Hazánkban a koraszülések magas száma miatt népegészségügyileg kiemelten fontos feladatunk a koraszü-lött gyermekek vizsgálata és a fejlődésükre ártalmas tényezők azonosítása. Célkitűzés: A koraszülött gyermekek pszichomotoros fejlődésének felmérése, az édesanya által átélt bántalmazás és a gyermek pszichomotoros teljesítménye közötti összefüggés megvizsgálása. Módszer: Extrém kis (<1000 g) és igen kis (1000-1500 g) születési súlyú koraszülött, a vizsgálat idején 23-30 hónap közötti gyermek (n = 35) pszichomotoros teljesítményének (Brunet-Lézine; Bayley-III) és az anya által átélt bántal-mazásnak a felmérése (saját kérdőív). Eredmények: Elemzéseink alapján megállapítható, hogy az alacsonyabb születési súly alacsonyabb pszichomotoros mutatókkal és magasabb fejlődési rizikóval társul. Az anya által átélt gyermekkori bántalmazás szoros összefüggést mutat a koraszülött gyermekek teljesítményeivel. Következtetések: A szerzők szeretnék felhívni a figyelmet a koraszülött gyermekek szűrővizsgálatának fontosságára, továbbá a gyermekkori bántalmazásnak és következményeinek súlyosságára. A korai fejlesztés szükségességének felismerésével nemcsak megelőzhetővé, hanem redukálhatóvá is válna a későbbi zavarok, viselkedésproblémák megjelenése. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(25): 976-983. Kulcsszavak: koraszülés, alacsony születési súly, pszichomotoros fejlődés, bántalmazásThe connection between maltreatment and preterm birth -in the light of psychomotor development at 2 years old Introduction: Preterm children' development and harmful affecting factors to development are important aspects of public health, because in our country the number of preterm birth is very high. Aim: Description of psychomotor development of preterm children (Brunet-Lézine; Bayley-III) and connection between psychomotor development and maternal abuse history (own questionnaire). Method: Extremely (<1000 g) and very low (1000-1500 g) birth weight preterm children at 23-30 months (n = 35) and their mothers' abuse history were measured. Results: Lower birth weight was associated with lower psychomotor development quotients and higher development risk. Strong associations were found between maternal history of childhood abuse and the development quotients. Conclusions: We would like to draw attention to the importance of assessing preterm children, as well as to the importance of maltreatment and the severity of its consequences. With the early recognition of necessity for developmental interventions we can prevent problems in the future.

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Children born extremely preterm show significant lower cognitive, language and motor function levels compared with children born at term, as measured by the Bayley-III at 2.5 years

Abstract: Extremely preterm children show significant lower cognitive, communicative and motor function levels at 2.5 years compared with children born at term. Bayley-III assessments permit the acquisition of nuanced information about development following extreme prematurity.

Cited by 84 publications

References 33 publications

Visual tracking in very preterm infants at 4 mo predicts neurodevelopment at 3 y of age

Visual tracking in very preterm infants at 4 mo predicts neurodevelopment at 3 y of age

Physical activity level is impaired and diet dependent in preterm newborn pigs

A bántalmazás és a koraszülés összefüggései a kétéves kori pszichomotoros fejlődés tükrében

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