Childhood trauma in schizophrenia spectrum disorders as compared to substance abuse disorders

Mørkved, N.; Winje, Dagfinn; Dovran, Anders; Arefjord, Kjersti; Johnsen, Erik; Kroken, Rune A.; Anda, Liss; Thimm, Jens C.; Sinkeviciute, Igne; Rettenbacher, Maria A.; Løberg, Else‐Marie

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.01.011

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Since childhood trauma is a risk factor both for schizophrenia and violence, we expected significantly higher CTQ scores in both SCZ-V and SCZ-NV compared to HC. Our predominantly male SCZ-NV group had a median score of 33.5 for total trauma, which is in line with the results from previous studies of childhood trauma and specifically CTQ-scores on mixed gender schizophrenia samples (33)(34)(35)(36). Moreover, our SCZ-V group had a median score of total trauma of 55, which was significantly higher than our two control groups and clearly higher than the mean or median values found in most general schizophrenia studies as cited above.…”

Section: Total Childhood Trauma Exposuresupporting

confidence: 90%

Childhood Trauma in Persons With Schizophrenia and a History of Interpersonal Violence

et al. 2020

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Background: Childhood trauma is a risk factor for psychosis as well for violent behavior and offending later in life. Childhood trauma comprises subdomains of abuse and neglect that may be differently related to later violence among patients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to map the subdomains of childhood trauma associated with violent offending in schizophrenia. Methods: Information on childhood trauma from predominantly male patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia and a history of violent offending (interpersonal violence) (SCZ-V, n = 19), schizophrenia patients without a history of violence (SCZ-NV, n = 34), and healthy controls (HC, n = 66) was obtained with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Differences between groups in total maltreatment scores and the five subdomains including physical, emotional, and sexual abuse, as well as physical and emotional neglect were analyzed. Results: SCZ-V had the highest median CTQ scores for all sub-domains. SCZ-V reported significantly higher total CTQ scores than SCZ-NV and HC. SCZ-V had significantly higher scores than HC on all subdomains, and significantly higher than SCZ-NV on physical and emotional neglect. SCZ-NV had higher scores on all domains except sexual abuse compared to HC. Conclusion: SCZ-V patients had higher exposure to childhood trauma than SCZ-NV, and both schizophrenia groups had higher exposure than HC. The results suggest that childhood physical and emotional neglect may be of specific importance to later violence in schizophrenia.

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Section: Total Childhood Trauma Exposuresupporting

confidence: 90%

Childhood Trauma in Persons With Schizophrenia and a History of Interpersonal Violence

et al. 2020

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“…Epidemiological studies suggest a prevalence of around 27% for anxiety disorders, 35% for affective disorders, 30% for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and 51% for personality disorders in patients with substance use disorders [ 11 – 13 ]. However, prevalence may be even higher in clinical studies as people with severe problems are more likely to seek help; studies have found prevalence of around 70% for one or more personality disorder [ 14 ] and around 66% for childhood trauma among people with substance use disorders [ 15 ], and at least one comorbid psychiatric disorder in approximately 80% of patients on opioid agonist therapy (OAT) [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-related quality of life of long-term patients receiving opioid agonist therapy: a nested prospective cohort study in Norway

Frode

Vold

Lim

et al. 2020

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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Background: Opioid dependence carries the highest disease burden of all illicit drugs. Opioid agonist therapy (OAT) is an evidence-based medical intervention that reduces morbidity and mortality. There is limited knowledge on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of long-term patients in OAT. This study measures HRQoL and selfperceived health of long-term patients on OAT, compares the scores to a Norwegian reference population, and assesses changes in these scores at 1-year follow up. Methods: We conducted a nested prospective cohort study among nine OAT outpatient clinics in Norway. 609 OAT patients were included, 245 (40%) followed-up one year later. Data on patient characteristics, HRQoL, and selfperceived health was collected. HRQoL was assessed with the EQ-5D-5L, which measures five dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression) on a five-point Likert scale (from "no problems" to "extreme problems"). An UK value set was applied to calculate index values (from 0 to 1) for the EQ-5D-5L and compare them to a Norwegian reference population. Self-perceived health was measured with EQ-VAS (from 0 to 100). Results: Mean (standard deviation (SD)) EQ-5D-5L index value at baseline was 0.699 (0.250) and EQ-VAS 57 (22) compared to 0.848 (0.200) and 80(19) for the Norwegian reference population. There were large variations in EQ-5D-5L index values, where 43% had > 0.8 and 5% had < 0.2 at baseline. The lowest EQ-5D-5L index values were observed for female patients, age groups older than 40 years and for methadone users. At follow-up, improvements in HRQoL were observed across almost all dimensions and found significant for mobility and pain/discomfort. Mean (SD) overall index value and EQ-VAS at follow up were 0.729 (0.237) and 59 (22) respectively.

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“…To analyze the childhood trauma subtypes, 2 different measures were used: the first measure consisted of the occurrence or nonoccurrence of each childhood trauma subtype (binary measure), and the second measure was defined according to the severity of the trauma subtype (no [score = 5], mild [6][7][8][9][10], moderate [11][12][13][14][15], or intense [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]). 46 For the BAI and BDI measures, analyses were performed that considered the standard cutoff point of the questionnaires in the Brazilian population. 47 Patients who had minimum and mild score levels were considered to have low levels of anxiety/depression, and those who had moderate and severe levels were classified as highly anxious/depressed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood trauma is predictive for clinical staging, alcohol consumption, and emotional symptoms in patients with head and neck cancer

Sarafim-Silva

Duarte

Sundefeld

et al. 2018

Cancer

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Childhood trauma in schizophrenia spectrum disorders as compared to substance abuse disorders

Cited by 24 publications

References 48 publications

Childhood Trauma in Persons With Schizophrenia and a History of Interpersonal Violence

Childhood Trauma in Persons With Schizophrenia and a History of Interpersonal Violence

Health-related quality of life of long-term patients receiving opioid agonist therapy: a nested prospective cohort study in Norway

Childhood trauma is predictive for clinical staging, alcohol consumption, and emotional symptoms in patients with head and neck cancer

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