“…Research identifying the key predictors of affective symptoms in this special population will generate implications for the design of interventions that can better assist Chinese drug users to achieve the “optimal” intervention outcomes. Further, the complex associations among early trauma, impulsivity, psychological resilience, and affective symptoms among substance users have been gaining increased attention (Edalati, 2020; Goldstein et al, 2013; Oshri et al, 2011). In general, research predominately based on Western samples has indicated that (a) the rates of mood and disruptive disorders are higher in individuals with substance abuse problems and (b) substance abusers typically demonstrate a psychological profile characterized by high early trauma exposure, poor impulse control, and impaired resilience (Cuomo et al, 2008; Pani et al, 2010; Rogers et al, 2010; Shin et al, 2015; Wong et al, 2006).…”