Childhood self-control predicts smoking throughout life: Evidence from 21,000 cohort study participants.

Daly, Michael; Egan, Mark; Quigley, Jody; Delaney, Liam; Baumeister, Roy F.

doi:10.1037/hea0000393

Cited by 48 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In particular, our data confirm the predictive role of early tobacco and cannabis initiation, which are associated with elevated odds of persistent high-level smoking as well as high-level smoking followed by cessation [13]. Early substance use initiation could be indicative of a propensity for addiction -reflecting both genetic and environmental influences [29,30], which may lead to longterm patterns of substance use. Indeed, different singlenucleotide polymorphisms were found to be associated with nicotine dependence as well as with the maintenance of tobacco consumption [31,32].…”

Section: Individual Characteristics and Tobacco Use Trajectoriessupporting

confidence: 65%

Early Predictors of Trajectories of Tobacco Use Level from Adolescence to Young Adulthood: A 16-Year Follow-Up of the TEMPO Cohort Study (1999–2015)

et al. 2018

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Purpose: Individual and family characteristics early on in life are associated with adolescent smoking; however, their role with regard to long-term tobacco smoking trajectories into young adulthood is not well-known, which is what we set out to study using data from a longitudinal community-based cohort. Methods: We used data from 2,025 youths in France (12–26 years at baseline, 16 years of follow-up), participating in the longitudinal TEMPO cohort study. First, we modeled smoking trajectories from adolescence onwards using Group-Based Trajectory Modeling, by using the declared consumption of cigarettes at different ages. Second, among trajectories of smokers, associations with individual and family characteristics in childhood and adolescence were studied using multinomial logistic regression. Results: We observed 5 smoking trajectories: non-smokers (62.3%), 3 groups of persistent smokers with different levels of tobacco use (low, intermediate, high), and a group characterized by high-level smoking followed by cessation. Among participants who were lifetime smokers (n = 763), the trajectory of tobacco use was associated with early substance use initiation, academic attainment, grade retention, and parental smoking. Early tobacco and cannabis use initiation predicted high-level tobacco use, whether it persisted (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.23–4.28) or not (OR 2.99, 95% CI 1.59–5.63). Grade retention and parental smoking predicted persistent smoking of intermediate (respectively OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.03–1.92; OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.03–2.92) or high level use (respectively OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.07–2.85; OR 1.70, 95% CI 0.91–3.18). Poor academic attainment predicted all 3 smoking trajectories, especially persistent high-level smoking (no high school degree: OR 5.29, 95% CI 1.65–16.97, vocational degree: OR 1.94, 95% CI 0.99–3.80). Conclusions: Tobacco smoking trajectories from adolescence to adulthood are associated with early substance use initiation, parental smoking, and academic difficulties.

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Section: Individual Characteristics and Tobacco Use Trajectoriessupporting

confidence: 65%

Early Predictors of Trajectories of Tobacco Use Level from Adolescence to Young Adulthood: A 16-Year Follow-Up of the TEMPO Cohort Study (1999–2015)

et al. 2018

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“…Starting from childhood, self-control contributes to healthier choices and outcomes. Children who score higher in self-control, for example, are less likely to smoke (Daly et al , 2016), abuse drugs (Elam et al , 2016), or engage in other high-risk behaviors (Dir et al , 2014). This protective association continues into adulthood with more positive health-related and other life outcomes (Moffitt et al , 2011; Moffitt et al , 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facets of Conscientiousness and risk of dementia

2017

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Background Multiple studies have found Conscientiousness to be protective against dementia. The purpose of this study is to identify which specific aspects, or facets, of Conscientiousness are most protective against cognitive impairment and whether these associations are moderated by demographic factors and/or genetic risk (APOE). Methods Health and Retirement Study (HRS) participants were selected for analysis if they completed the facets of Conscientiousness measure, scored in the range of normal cognitive functioning at the baseline personality assessment, and had at least one follow-up assessment of cognition over the up to six-year follow-up (N=11,181). Cox regression was used to test for risk of incident dementia and risk of incident cognitive impairment not dementia (CIND). Results Over the follow-up, 278 participants developed dementia and 2,186 participants developed CIND. The facet of responsibility had the strongest and most consistent association with dementia risk: every standard deviation increase in this facet was associated with a nearly 35% decreased risk of dementia; self-control and industriousness were also protective. Associations were generally similar when controlling for clinical, behavioral, and genetic risk factors. These three facets were also independent predictors of decreased risk of CIND. Conclusions The present research indicates that individuals who see themselves as responsible, able to control their behavior, and hard workers are less likely to develop CIND or dementia and that these associations persist after accounting for some common clinical, behavioral, and genetic risk factors.

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“…Urgency can be viewed as a consequence of self-control deficits, and self-control problems in childhood significantly increase the likelihood of smoking in adulthood, an effect that is largely mediated by smoking in adolescence (Daly et al, 2016). Thus one viable strategy for smoking prevention is training children and adolescents in self-control (Diamond, 2012; Eisenberg et al, 2011), an intervention that is efficacious for smoking reduction and cessation in adulthood (Muraven, 2010; Oaten and Cheng, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is frequently said the best predictor of future behavior is past behavior, and while this maxim is not without qualification, in the case of smoking, some data supports the stability of behavior over time (Daly et al, 2016; Paul et al, 2008). What this study adds to the literature is evidence to suggest a facet of impulsivity–namely urgency–partly underlies the behavior of smoking, and contributes to its emergence in early development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal study of the reciprocal relationship between ever smoking and urgency in early adolescence

Burris

Riley

Puleo

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background Among early adolescents in the United States (U.S.), the prevalence of cigarette smoking is at its lowest level in recent decades. Nonetheless, given the risks of smoking in early development, it remains critically important to study both risk factors for smoking and risks from smoking. This longitudinal study with U.S. early adolescents examines smoking initiation and tests a model of reciprocal prediction between ever smoking and the personality trait of urgency (i.e., mood-based impulsivity), a trait that increases risk for multiple forms of dysfunction. Methods Participants (n=1906; 90% 10–11 years old, 50% female, 39% racial minorities at baseline) completed questionnaires 1–2 times per year starting in 5th grade and ending in 9th grade. Structural equation modeling allowed tests of bidirectional relationships between ever smoking and urgency controlling for pubertal status and negative affect at each wave. Results Incidence of ever smoking increased from 5% to 27% over time, with current smoking around 5% at the last wave. Urgency at each wave predicted ever smoking at the next wave above and beyond covariates and prior smoking (all p < .01). Likewise, with one exception, ever smoking predicted an increase in urgency at the subsequent wave above and beyond covariates and prior urgency (all p < .05). Conclusion Results show that risk for smoking increases with higher levels of urgency and urgency increases secondary to engagement in smoking. Future work should therefore explore urgency as a point of prevention for smoking and smoking cessation as a means to mitigate mood-based impulsivity.

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Childhood self-control predicts smoking throughout life: Evidence from 21,000 cohort study participants.

Cited by 48 publications

References 50 publications

Early Predictors of Trajectories of Tobacco Use Level from Adolescence to Young Adulthood: A 16-Year Follow-Up of the TEMPO Cohort Study (1999–2015)

Early Predictors of Trajectories of Tobacco Use Level from Adolescence to Young Adulthood: A 16-Year Follow-Up of the TEMPO Cohort Study (1999–2015)

Facets of Conscientiousness and risk of dementia

A longitudinal study of the reciprocal relationship between ever smoking and urgency in early adolescence

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