Childhood respiratory allergies and symptoms in highly polluted area of Central Europe

Abstract

The study investigated the associations between the prevalence of the childhood respiratory diseases and the long-term exposure to air pollution in the burdened area of Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic. The health data were collected during 2014 in 7,239 children 5, 9, 13 and 17 years of age. Exposure to PM and NO in the residence addresses was based on dispersion models and GIS based traffic-related indicators. PM levels were positively associated with both lifetime (OR 1.35; 95%CI 1.09-1.67) and current (OR 1.32; 95%CI 1.05-1.67) allergic rhinitis; current asthma was associated negatively. The associations between traffic indicator and respiratory health were not found. On the other hand, marked positive associations were found between the respiratory diseases and symptom severity structured into ordinal variables, and PM and NO. Modelled long-term exposure to air pollution was associated with childhood allergic rhinitis and deterioration of the respiratory symptoms.

Time Series Analysis of Climate and Air Pollution Factors Associated with Atmospheric Nitrogen Dioxide Concentration in Japan

“…Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) is an air pollutant discharged from combustion of human activities such as driving cars, and numerous epidemiological studies have suggested a relationship between NO 2 and impaired respiratory function or asthma symptoms [1][2][3][4].…”

“…An exogeneous variable was included in each SARIMAX model 2. Coefficients in log scale for exogeneous variable 3. O 3 /AO were used for the analyses at AAPMSs/RAPMSs, respectively.…”

A review on the role of dispersion and receptor models in asthma research

“…The association was stronger for one-year exposure (OR 1.37 for NO 2 and 1.32 for NOx), and lower for lifetime asthma (OR NO 2 1.09 and NOx 1.08) in children. For the latter (lifetime asthma), Puklová et al (2019) found no associations (OR 0.86 for NO 2 ), and the prevalence of current asthma OR with NO 2 was around 0.93 in children, being EMEP the DM model. Their results differ from the association of prevalence found in for NOx, which was OR 1.20 for adults, being USEPA ISC the DM used.…”

“…There have been numerous studies on asthma exacerbation due to exposure to ambient air pollutants. However, relatively few studies have employed dispersion models to understand the role of ozone (O 3 ) Fridell et al, 2014;Tsui et al, 2018), particulate matter (PM), mainly PM 10 Pénard-Morand et al, 2010a) and PM 2.5 (Batterman et al, 2014b;Jiřík et al, 2017;Levy et al, 2002), nitrogen oxides (NO x ) Puklová et al, 2019), carbon monoxide (CO) (Batterman et al, 2014a;, sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) (Koiwanit et al, 2016;Milando et al, 2016;Pascal et al, 2013) and volatile organic compounds (VOC) (Charpin et al, 2009;Spadaro and Rabl, 1999).…”

The Incidence of Allergy to Common Allergens Based on a Retrospective Analysis

“…Therefore, it is hardly surprising that out of 29 AR cases co-occurring with bronchial asthma, 19 people participating in our study were sensitive to these agents. It is assumed that yearround allergens are the most common cause of bronchial asthma, while the seasonal allergens are most often associated with the development of AR [40,41]. It is also known that about 10-30% of rhinitis develops into bronchial asthma, and one factor predisposing to this unfavorable progression is severe rhinitis, among others, especially in the course of allergy to year-round allergens, such as house dust mites [42,43].…”