Childhood Pneumonia: a Community Based Interventional Study in Slums of Dibrugarh, Assam

Abstract

Introduction: Pneumonia, leading cause of child morbidity and mortality globally, which is concerning as proven interventions exist. Objective: to assess effect of community based interventions on occurrence of pneumonia in slums of Dibrugarh town. Methods: Community based before- after intervention study using mixed method between 2015-2017; where quantitative part by using predesigned format filled by house to house visit done in baseline and endline and qualitative by focus group discussion conducted during end line study. Social and behavior change communication package was given as intervention. Results: A total of 420 in baseline and 300 participants enrolled in end line study. Pneumonia prevalence reduced from 16.9% to 9.3% following intervention. Exclusive breast feeding and complimentary feeding initiation at 6 month significantly increased from 42.9% to 60% and 9.8% to 77.7% respectively. Type of family, socio economic status, mother’s education, complementary feeding practices, immunization and indoor air pollution were significantly associated with pneumonia. Conclusion: Implementation of community based social and behavior change communication package was effective.