Childhood lichen planus

Joshi, Arun; Rathi, Sahaj; Manchanda, Yashpal

doi:10.4103/ijpd.ijpd_132_20

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 72 publications

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“…In children, mucous membrane involvement is very rare. 14 Subungual (under the nail) location is extremely rare. Studies suggest that lichen planus is more prevalent among individuals of Asian origin, although confirming data is lacking.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lichen planus: A Systematic Review

Garbacz,

Maciąg,

Pasztelan

et al. 2024

J Educ Health Sport

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Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic skin, mucous membrane, and nail disease. Lichen planus is a rare skin condition occurring in less than 1% of the general population, affecting both children and adults. Oral lichen planus (OLP) involvement is much more common. It is an autoimmune disease caused by T lymphocytes, with epigenetic factors playing a significant role in the development of autoimmune skin diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a group of non-coding RNAs, play a substantial role in regulating the immune response.1 The etiology of lichen planus in not fully understood. It can be triggered by antihypertensive drugs, beta-blockers, infections, viral hepatitis, psychological stress, and others. Cases of lichen planus appearing after recovering from COVID-19 have been reported, as well as a significant increase in cases after COVID-19 vaccination.2–5 Diagnosis is based on clinical presenstation and characteristic histopathological findings. The disease is often self-limiting, accompanied by persistent itching and painful erosions of the mucous membrane, affecting the patient’s quality of life and mental well-being. First-line treatments inculde topical corticosteroids and/or oral corticosteroids. There are reports of new potential treatments, such as biologic drugs (anti-IL12/13, anti-IL17) and Janus kinase inhibitors. Consequently, a dramatic change in lichen planus treatment can be expected in the near future. The majority of patients suffering from lichen planus develop metabolic syndrome which is the cause of other diseases. This article provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge about lichen planus and its variants.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lichen planus: A Systematic Review

Garbacz,

Maciąg,

Pasztelan

et al. 2024

J Educ Health Sport

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Immunological Aspects of EBV and Oral Mucosa Interactions in Oral Lichen Planus

Čēma,

Kakar,

Dzudzilo

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Oral lichen planus (OLP) is considered a T cell-mediated chronic inflammatory process activated by an unknown antigen, making basal keratinocytes vulnerable to a cytotoxic cell mediated immune response. The aim of this review is to summarize information on the role and pathways of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and immune cells in inducing OLP as an autoimmune lesion. The pathogenesis of OLP is analyzed from immunological aspects of interactions between EBV and oral mucosa. The results of the available studies allow us to assume that EBV can act both as an exogenous and an endogenous antigen in the pathogenesis of OLP. We emphasized the role of antigen-presenting cells (APC), such as dendritic cells (Langerhans cells, LC), in detecting and capturing antigens and modulating the adaptive immune response. Although EBV shows tropism for B cells and epithelial cells, under certain conditions it can infect monocytes, LCs, NK, and T lymphocytes. It means that under some circumstances of the chronic inflammatory process, EBV particles can react as endogenous agents. During the development of the autoimmune process, a decisive role is played by the loss of immune tolerance. Factors like the activity of cytokines, chemokines, and autoantibodies secreted by EBV-positive plasma cells, autoantigens formed due to virus protein mimicry of human proteins, new self-peptides released from damaged tissues, self-reactive B and T cells, dysregulation of LC function, the anti-apoptotic effect of EBV early lytic antigens, and an imbalance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune cells facilitate the development of an autoimmune process.

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Childhood lichen planus

Cited by 2 publications

References 72 publications

Lichen planus: A Systematic Review

Lichen planus: A Systematic Review

Immunological Aspects of EBV and Oral Mucosa Interactions in Oral Lichen Planus

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