Childhood leprosy in an endemic area of central India

Gitte, Sunil Vilasrao; Sabat, Ramanath N; Kamble, K M

doi:10.1007/s13312-016-0824-1

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…No cases of pure neurotic leprosy were seen. Patients with MB (68.18%) were more common in our study, however, this observation seems to be in contrast to the study of Sunil, et al 7 in central India.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…In Andhra Pradesh, 4695 new cases detected, among which child cases account for 464 (9.88%), Vizianagaram is the district in Andhra Pradesh with the highest incidence of child cases, which account for 910 (19.39%). [5][6][7][8][9] A high proportion of childhood cases signifies active and recent transmission of the disease, making it a robust epidemiological indicator to assess the burden of disease in the community. Taking into consideration the above scenario the present study was undertaken in the department of DVL, Government General Hospital, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India and to evaluate the epidemiological and clinical data of patients diagnosed with leprosy less than 15 years of age, and to assess the changing trends in the post-elimination period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinico-Epidemiological Study of Childhood Leprosy in Post Elimination Period at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Rao¹,

Talluri²

2019

IJCMR

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Introduction: Childhood leprosy is important marker of the status of the ongoing leprosy program, as it is an indicator of active disease transmission in the community, despite the achievement of the elimination status of leprosy in the year 2005. The study was done to evaluate the epidemiological and clinical profile of childhood leprosy and to assess the changing trends if any in the post-elimination period. Material and methods: A retrospective analysis of newly registered patients aged less than 15 years at leprosy outpatient in the department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, from January 2014 to December 2018 at a Government General Hospital, Vijayawada. Year wise data were analyzed according to age, sex, geographic area, clinical spectrum, reaction, deformities, and contacts. Results: During the study period, a total of 481 patients were registered, out of which 66 (13.72%) cases of childhood leprosy was observed. Multibacillary (MB) cases constituted a total of 68.18% while Paucibacillary (PB) constituted a total of 31.82%. The M: F noted was 1.4:1, urban to rural children were 26 and 40. The majority of the patients were in the age group of 11 to 15 years. Conclusion: Rate of increase (doubled) in childhood leprosy is alarming, as an immediate and preventive measure, early diagnosis of childhood leprosy needs to be improved. Further, the importance of complete treatment, follow up, consequences, contact tracing should be stressed on.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinico-Epidemiological Study of Childhood Leprosy in Post Elimination Period at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Rao¹,

Talluri²

2019

IJCMR

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“…In this study, children had follow-up medical evaluations during treatment and one year after discharge, which allowed us to observe the frequency of reactions for a longer time course (in line with the characteristics and course of the disease). Some authors also reported difficulties in monitoring patients; for example, in a study in India, only 60 (10.8%) out of 551 children under 18 years of age diagnosed with leprosy had follow-up examinations during MDT 10…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About 5–20% of children with leprosy will present with reaction episodes (exacerbation of inflammatory processes, either localized or systemic) at some point before, during, and/or after the end of MDT 8–10. Leprosy reactions can lead to permanent nerve damage, potentially resulting in disabilities and deformities 11,12.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Severe nerve damage with musculoskeletal disorders and deformities can result in discrimination at school and difficulties in the social life of children with leprosy 13. Although physical and emotional impairments resulting from reactional episodes in childhood are evident, studies on this topic are scarce, especially among pediatric groups, both during MDT and after the end of treatment 10,14. This survey describes leprosy reactions and their associations with clinical and epidemiologic aspects of leprosy cases in children under 15 years old diagnosed at the Health Referral Unit “Marcello Candia” (HRUMC) in a highly endemic area of the Brazilian Amazon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<p>Leprosy Reactions In Childhood: A Prospective Cohort Study In The Brazilian Amazon</p>

Bandeira¹,

Pires

Quaresma

2019

IDR

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Background and objectiveIn highly endemic areas, severe multibacillary forms of leprosy and reactional episodes are not rare in children. The objective of the present study was to describe the clinical and epidemiological aspects of leprosy reactions in children from the Brazilian Amazon.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study of 34 leprosy patients aged under 15 years diagnosed at a health referral unit in northern Brazil between April 2014 and June 2015. Follow-up medical consultations were performed during multidrug therapy (MDT) and one year after the end of treatment. Participants underwent a simple neurologic examination and answered a structured questionnaire.ResultsOf the 34 recruited patients, 18 (52.9%) had leprosy reactions and/or neuritis. Among these, 10 (55.6%) had reactions at diagnosis, 13 (72.2%) had reactions after MDT, and 14 (77.8%) had two or more reactional episodes. Type I reactions occurred in 14 (77.8%) cases. Complications, such as disabilities, necrotizing erythema nodosum, or Cushing’s syndrome, occurred in six (33.3%) patients. The following variables showed significant associations (p ≤ 0.05) with leprosy reactions: age 8–14 years, number of doctors seen (≥3), multibacillary classification, number of skin lesions (≥10), or borderline and lepromatous clinical forms. The high frequency of type I reactions resulted in prolonged corticosteroid therapy, which may cause deficient bone maturation in childhood.ConclusionOlder age in children, consulting many physicians for diagnosis, severe clinical forms, and numerous skin lesions were positively associated with reaction development. Reactions after MDT highlight the need for continuity in healthcare of children with leprosy.

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Leprosy

Kumar¹,

Narang²

2017

Neglected Tropical Diseases

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Childhood leprosy in an endemic area of central India

Abstract: Transmission of leprosy is still continuing in the area, and high disability and deformity rates are seen in children.

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Clinico-Epidemiological Study of Childhood Leprosy in Post Elimination Period at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Clinico-Epidemiological Study of Childhood Leprosy in Post Elimination Period at a Tertiary Care Hospital

<p>Leprosy Reactions In Childhood: A Prospective Cohort Study In The Brazilian Amazon</p>

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