Childhood intelligence and adult obesity

Kanazawa, Satoshi

doi:10.1002/oby.20018

Cited by 45 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Other work with that same cohort has highlighted an important role for intelligence in health behaviours known to be important for oral health, with, for example, better cognitive performance at ages 15‐23 years predicting higher rates of dental floss use and lower rates of smoking and consumption of sugary drinks in middle age . Data from a British cohort study showed that more intelligent children grow up to exercise more and eat more healthily as adults . Given the key role of sugars exposure in dental caries occurrence, these findings suggest that intelligence might be a key determinant of oral health through life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Childhood IQ predicts age‐38 oral disease experience and service‐use

Thomson

Broadbent

Caspi

et al. 2019

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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Objectives Given that people with higher intelligence have been shown to live longer, enjoy better health and have more favourable health behaviours, we investigated the association between childhood IQ and a range of important dental health and service‐use indicators at age 38. Methods Long‐standing prospective study of a complete birth cohort, with childhood IQ (assessed at ages 7, 9, 11 and 13 years) used to allocate participants (N = 818) to one of four ordinal categories of childhood IQ. Results There were distinct and consistent gradients by childhood IQ in almost all of the dental caries experience measures (with the exception of filled teeth) whereby each was most severe in the lowest child IQ category and least severe in the highest; the exception was the mean FT score, for which there was no discernible gradient. Indicators of self‐care and periodontal disease experience showed similar gradients, and multivariate modelling using the continuous IQ score confirmed the observed patterns. Conclusions Childhood cognitive function is a key determinant of oral health and dental service‐use by midlife, with those of lower cognitive capacity as children likely to have poorer oral health, less favourable oral health‐related beliefs, and more detrimental self‐care and dental visiting practices by age 38. There is a need to shape dental clinical services and public health interventions so that people with the poorest cognitive function do not continue to be disadvantaged.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Childhood IQ predicts age‐38 oral disease experience and service‐use

Thomson

Broadbent

Caspi

et al. 2019

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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“…12–16 These findings suggest the possibility that better cognitive functioning in childhood could contribute to higher levels of physical fitness in adulthood. If such “neuroselection” contributes to the correlation between fitness and midlife cognitive function, there is a need to identify mechanisms through which childhood differences in cognitive functioning give rise to fitness disparities later in life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function in midlife: Neuroprotection or neuroselection?

Belsky

Caspi

Israel

et al. 2015

Annals of Neurology

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Objective To determine if better cognitive functioning at midlife among more physically fit individuals reflects “neuroprotection,” in which fitness protects against age-related cognitive decline, or “neuroselection,” in which children with higher cognitive functioning select into more active lifestyles. Methods Children in the Dunedin Longitudinal Study (N=1,037) completed the Wechsler Intelligence Scales and the Trail-Making, Rey-Delayed-Recall, and Grooved-Pegboard tasks as children and again at midlife (age-38). Adult cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using a submaximal exercise test to estimate maximum-oxygen-consumption-adjusted-for-body-weight in milliliters/minute/kilogram (VO2max). We tested if more-fit individuals had better cognitive functioning than their less-fit counterparts (which could be consistent with neuroprotection), and if better childhood cognitive functioning predisposed to better adult cardiorespiratory fitness (neuroselection). Finally, we examined possible mechanisms of neuroselection. Results Participants with better cardiorespiratory fitness had higher cognitive test scores at midlife. However, fitness-associated advantages in cognitive functioning were present already in childhood. After accounting for childhood-baseline performance on the same cognitive tests, there was no association between cardiorespiratory fitness and midlife cognitive functioning. Socioeconomic and health advantages in childhood, and healthier lifestyles during young adulthood explained most of the association between childhood cognitive functioning and adult cardiorespiratory fitness. Interpretation We found no evidence for a neuroprotective effect of cardiorespiratory fitness as of midlife. Instead, children with better cognitive functioning are selecting into healthier lives. Fitness interventions may enhance cognitive functioning. But, observational and experimental studies testing neuroprotective effects of physical fitness should consider confounding by neuroselection.

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“…Some adults decide not to have biological children, and the time and costs play important roles in such a decision. ( certainly the feedbacks are not that simple; a study which was done by Satoshi Kanazawa (Kanazawa, 2013) and suggested that women who have higher IQs are not that much eager to have children, made waves in the blogosphere in latest days.). On the other hand, the rate of aging in societies is higher than the number of the young people who can provide the care (Conrad, 2015;Hendrich et al, 2015;Ministry of Health, 2012;Office, 2013;Sumiya et al, 2015).…”

Section: Definition Of Care Robotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal Care Robots for Children: State of the Art

Hosseini¹,

Goher

2016

ASS

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In the last decades, the application of robots in variety of industries has remarkably been increased. Self-governing robots have been employed in various fields of human life, particularly in that of old and very young people. It is assumed that in the succeeding years, personal care robots will be in an intimate relation with human beings. But, what caring responsibilities will the future robots have before children at home? This is directly related to the kinds of robots as well as those aspects of getting old that are the matter of question. Among the topics that are germane to robot carers, Child-care is the least discussed one. In this article the duties of care robots in the life of youth is investigated. It studies the benefits of the application of robots in daily life along with the negative points, perils, and anxieties that rise from the application. In this article, we examine the benefits of the usage of robots in the child life. Besides, we will discuss the disadvantages, dangers and fears that are related to child-robot connections. In the end, we will recommend some useful points.

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Childhood intelligence and adult obesity

Cited by 45 publications

References 26 publications

Childhood IQ predicts age‐38 oral disease experience and service‐use

Childhood IQ predicts age‐38 oral disease experience and service‐use

Cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function in midlife: Neuroprotection or neuroselection?

Personal Care Robots for Children: State of the Art

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