Childhood exposure to emotional abuse and later life stress among Kenyan women: a mediation analysis of cross-sectional data

Goodman, Michael L.; Gutarra, Claudia; Billingsley, Katherine; Keiser, Philip; Gitari, Stanley

doi:10.1080/10615806.2016.1271876

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Recent studies have demonstrated that maternal maltreatment and exposure to violence are predictive of an increase in violent attitudes and tendencies toward children (Crombach & Bambonyé, 2015;Goodman, Hindman, et al, 2017). In Kenya, maladaptive family functioning and stress are pervasive, which in turn increases exposure to physical punishment and other forms of childhood adversity (Goodman, Gutarra, Gutarra, Billingsley, Keiser, & Gitari, 2017;Oburu & Palmérus, 2003). The psychosocial mechanisms for the transmission of risk in the context of ACEs, and the investigation into potential mediators have primarily converged on maternal mental health, caregiving, social support and exposure to stress in HIC.…”

Section: Impact Of Maternal Adversity On Child Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of maternal adverse childhood experiences on child socioemotional function in rural Kenya: Mediating role of maternal mental health

Rieder

Roth

Musyimi

et al. 2019

Developmental Science

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Mothers in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC) suffer heightened vulnerability for adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), which is exacerbated by the multitude of risk factors associated with poverty and may lead to increased risk of psychiatric disorder. The constellation of complex, co‐occurring biological, environmental, social, economic and psychological risk factors are in turn transmitted to her child, conferring vulnerability for adverse development. This study examines the association between maternal intra‐ and extra‐familial ACEs, maternal education and the mental health of her child, mediated by maternal mental health. Mother‐child dyads (n = 121) in Machakos, Kenya were examined cross‐sectionally using self‐report measures of ACEs, maternal mental health and child internalizing and externalizing mental health problems. The four models proposed to examine the relationship between intra‐ and extra‐familial maternal ACEs and child internalizing and externalizing problems demonstrated indirect pathways through maternal mental health. These effects were found to be conditional on levels of maternal education, which served as a protective factor at lower levels of maternal ACEs. These models demonstrate how the impact of ACEs persists across the lifespan resulting in a negative impact on maternal mental health and conferring further risk to subsequent generations. Elucidating the association between ACEs and subsequent intergenerational sequelae, especially in LMIC where risk is heightened, may improve targeted caregiver mental health programs for prevention and intervention.

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Section: Impact Of Maternal Adversity On Child Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of maternal adverse childhood experiences on child socioemotional function in rural Kenya: Mediating role of maternal mental health

Rieder

Roth

Musyimi

et al. 2019

Developmental Science

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“…Given that survivors still endorsed PTS symptoms in adulthood, the findings attest to the significance of the timing of adverse events on PTS symptoms in later life (Dunn et al, 2017). The study therefore accounted for the developmental impact of multiple ACES on PTS symptoms, which in itself goes beyond existing findings that tend to focus on responses to a single type of ACE only (Goodman et al, 2017). An additional implication of the current study is that it identifies that PTS symptoms arising from ACEs have a significant role to play in psychological adjustment, alongside the characteristics of the events themselves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Wider evidence is limited, as existing studies tend to focus on direct predictors of PTS symptoms (Elklit, Christiansen, Palic, Karsberg, & Eriksen, 2014), or focus on other mediators of negative outcomes following ACEs, such as rumination on anxiety symptoms (Kim, Jin, Jung, Hahn, & Lee, 2017). In addition, some existing ACE studies address only one type of childhood trauma such as emotional abuse (Goodman, Gutarra, Billingsley, Keiser, & Gitari, 2017) rather than accounting for the number of different types of ACEs that people may experience.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic stress symptoms mediate the relationship between adverse childhood experiences, avoidant personality traits and resilience

Rawlins

Brooks

Khan

2020

Anxiety, Stress, & Coping

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Background and Objectives: It is widely recognized that posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms, resulting from adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), have myriad detrimental effects on the wellbeing of sufferers. Yet the extent to which PTS symptoms mediate positive and negative outcomes is less well-known. This study therefore explored whether PTS symptoms indirectly explain avoidant personality disorder (AVPD) traits and resilience following multiple ACEs.Design: A correlational design using mediation analyses was conducted.Method: One-hundred and seventy-seven participants (68.4 % female; aged 18-73 years) completed an online survey measuring experiences of childhood adversity, AVPD traits, resilience, and PTS symptoms. Results:The pathway from ACEs to AVPD mediated by PTS symptoms was both positive and significant. The indirect relationship from ACEs to resilience was also significantly and negatively mediated by PTS symptoms. Of the PTS dimensions, avoidance and hyperarousal mediated the relationship between the number of ACEs and AVPD traits, while intrusions mediated the association between the number of ACEs and resilience. Conclusions:These findings indicate that PTS symptoms can have both detrimental and adaptive effects on psychological wellbeing. Treatment and management of PTS symptoms is therefore key to the improvement of overall psychological functioning following ACEs.

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“…In a study among mothers in semi-rural Kenya, perceived stress was shown to be related to emotional abuse during childhood. 38 Compared to women who reported their religion as Protestant, NPD K6 scores were lower among women who reported their religion as "Other". The "Other" category, comprised of two African independent churches, Nomiya and Roho, are based in Christianity but have broken off with other Christian or Protestant denominations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Factors associated with psychological distress among members of HIV discordant couples in western Kenya: the role of adverse childhood experiences

Ondenge¹,

Khalil²,

Odero³

et al. 2018

Journal of Global Health Reports

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Back Background ground The relationship between measures of psychological distress and factors such as adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and HIV infection have not been well studied among members of HIV discordant couples living in Kenya. Methods Methods A structured questionnaire, which included the non-specific psychological distress Kessler 6 (NPD K6) scale, was administered to members of HIV discordant couples using a computer-assisted personal interview in two Kenyan communities.

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Childhood exposure to emotional abuse and later life stress among Kenyan women: a mediation analysis of cross-sectional data

Cited by 18 publications

References 73 publications

Impact of maternal adverse childhood experiences on child socioemotional function in rural Kenya: Mediating role of maternal mental health

Impact of maternal adverse childhood experiences on child socioemotional function in rural Kenya: Mediating role of maternal mental health

Posttraumatic stress symptoms mediate the relationship between adverse childhood experiences, avoidant personality traits and resilience

Factors associated with psychological distress among members of HIV discordant couples in western Kenya: the role of adverse childhood experiences

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