Childhood experience and adult depression: A review of studies

Bemporad, Jules R.; Romano, Steven J.

doi:10.1007/bf01248798

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Across diverse samples and methodologies, an association between maltreatment types and depressive symptoms has been demonstrated (see Ammerman, Cassisi, Hersen, & Van Hasselt, 1986;Bemporad & Romano, 1993). Across diverse samples and methodologies, an association between maltreatment types and depressive symptoms has been demonstrated (see Ammerman, Cassisi, Hersen, & Van Hasselt, 1986;Bemporad & Romano, 1993).…”

Section: Deakin University Australiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A wide range of long-term sequelae has been linked with the experience of each maltreatment type. Across diverse samples and methodologies, an association between maltreatment types and depressive symptoms has been demonstrated (see Ammerman, Cassisi, Hersen, & Van Hasselt, 1986;Bemporad & Romano, 1993). However, adults' self-reports of depressive symptoms are also correlated with poor family cohesion (Friedrich, Beilke, & Urquiza, 1987), lack of family support (Burbach, Kashani, & Rosenberg, 1989), low parental care (Parker & Barnett, 1988;Richman & Flaherty, 1987), family conflict (Edwards & Alexander, 1992;Greenberger & Chen, 1996), parental overprotection (Strahan, 1995), parental dominance (Baron & MacGillivray, 1989), and parental divorce (Brewin, Andrews, & Gotlib, 1993).…”

Section: Deakin University Australiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship of childhood family characteristics and current attachment styles to depression and depressive vulnerability

Higgins

2003

Australian Journal of Psychology

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The role of adult romantic attachment style in the relationship between childhood experiences and current depression was examined. Childhood maltreatment, parental separation/divorce, family adaptability and cohesion during childhood, current attachment style in romantic relationships, vulnerability to depression, and current depressive symptoms were measured in a self-selected sample of adults (N = 133). A large degree of overlap was found in the experience of different types of maltreatment during childhood. Depressive symptoms were uniquely predicted by the sexual abuse and neglect scales, with significant additional variance explained after entering the degree to which respondents' current romantic attachment style was "secure". Maltreatment and family dysfunction in childhood were significant predictors of depression and vulnerability to depression. Although maltreatment scores did not differentiate between different attachment styles, the degree to which respondents were securely attached may explain -in part -the association between early childhood environment and depressive symptoms in adulthood. urrent knowledge of the correlates of child maltreatment (physical abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, psychological maltreatment, and witnessing family violence) remains limited, despite a research base that has been accumulating over the past 35 years. A number of researchers have reported that maltreatment types do not occur in isolation and thus a great proportion of maltreated individuals are victims of multiple forms of abuse or neglect (e.g.

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Section: Deakin University Australiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Deakin University Australiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship of childhood family characteristics and current attachment styles to depression and depressive vulnerability

Higgins

2003

Australian Journal of Psychology

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“…Even though they vary in theoretical details, a central conceptual theme that occurs throughout these proposals is that disruptions in the basic bonding processes between children and their caretakers produce vulnerability structures (lngram et al, 1998). Moreover, a substantial body of work argues that depression in adulthood is related to the development of these variables in childhood (Bemporad & Romano, 1992), suggesting that these vulnerability structures form the core of depression that occurs throughout the life span.…”

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confidence: 99%

Vulnerability to depression: Cognitive reactivity and parental bonding in high-risk individuals.

Ingram¹,

Ritter²

2000

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Although various conceptual proposals have suggested that disruptions in childhood bonding processes may be linked to the origins of these cognitive structures, little research has tested these proposals. This study assessed the information processing of vulnerable individuals and its relationship to childhood bonding. Formerly depressed (vulnerable) and never depressed (nonvulnerable) individuals participated in a mood induction task followed by an attentional allocation task. Results indicated that vulnerable individuals uniquely diverted attention toward negative stimuli when they were in a negative mood. Furthermore, level of maternal caring was found to be associated with performance on this task for vulnerable individuals in this mood state. These data support the idea that cognitive variables form a pathway between troublesome parental-child/adolescent interactions and depression.

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“…Although the relevance of biographical data was underlined (Van Houdenhove et al, 1994), the most telling criticism of retrospective studies on childhood adversities, and thus to the present as well as to Schofferman's study, is that recollection is biased. This was examined in some studies on patients with a depressive disorder assuming a possible confounding effect of present mood on memories of the past (Lewinson et al, 1980;Parker, 1981;Robins et al, 1985;Kendler et al, 1991;Bemporad and Romano, 1993;Van Houdenhove et al, 1994). These studies demonstrate a tendency for more false-negative than false-positive results regarding childhood adversities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are childhood adversities relevant in patients with chronic low back pain?

Nickel

Egle

Hardt

2002

European Journal of Pain

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Previous studies have found a high number of childhood adversities in patients with chronic low back pain, particularly in patients reporting persisting problems after back surgery. Our aim was to reproduce these results. Within the framework of a comprehensive diagnostic assessment and psychometric evaluation, 109 inpatients who had been treated for low back pain were examined in the orthopedics department of a German university hospital. Five risk factors investigated by Schofferman and his staff (Schofferman et al., 1993) were re-assessed in all of our patients using a structured biographical interview. The German chronic low back pain group was also compared with an age- and gender-matched control group of 109 non-chronic pain patients with respect to these childhood adversities and additional ones. Only approximately 11% of the German chronic low back pain sample demonstrated three or more risk factors, compared with more than 50% in Schofferman's sample, and 47.7% showed none of the five risk factors, compared to only 11% in the Schofferman sample. Moreover, no significant differences in distribution either in terms of the individual risk factors or their cumulative frequency were found in the German chronic low back pain group compared with an age and gender-matched control group without chronic pain. Childhood adversities do not occur frequently in a non-selected group of patients with chronic low back pain. Earlier results showing an increased likelihood of the occurrence of psychosocial risk factors could not be confirmed. As a consequence, further psychic or psychosomatic diagnostics of patients with chronic low back pain are needed to define diagnostic subgroups.

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Childhood experience and adult depression: A review of studies

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

The relationship of childhood family characteristics and current attachment styles to depression and depressive vulnerability

The relationship of childhood family characteristics and current attachment styles to depression and depressive vulnerability

Vulnerability to depression: Cognitive reactivity and parental bonding in high-risk individuals.

Are childhood adversities relevant in patients with chronic low back pain?

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