Childhood cancer mortality trends in the Americas and Australasia: An update to 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Marked reductions in childhood cancer mortality occurred over the last decades in high-income countries and, to a lesser degree, in middle-income countries. This study aimed to monitor mortality trends in the Americas and Australasia, focusing on areas showing unsatisfactory trends. METHODS: Age-standardized mortality rates per 100,000 children (aged 0-14 years) from 1990 to 2017 (or the last available calendar year) were computed for all neoplasms and 8 leading childhood cancers in countries from the Americas and Australasia, using data from the World Health Organization database. A joinpoint regression was used to identify changes in slope of mortality trends for all neoplasms, leukemia, and neoplasms of the central nervous system (CNS) for major countries. RESULTS: Over the last decades, childhood cancer mortality continued to decrease by approximately 2% to 3% per year in Australasian countries (ie, Japan, Korea, and Australia), by approximately 1.5% to 2% in North America and Chile, and 1% in Argentina. Other Latin American countries did not show any substantial decrease. Leukemia mortality declined in most countries, whereas less favorable trends were registered for CNS neoplasms, particularly in Latin America. Around 2016, death rates from all neoplasms were 4 to 6 per 100,000 boys and 3 to 4 per 100,000 girls in Latin America, and 2 to 3 per 100,000 boys and approximately 2 per 100,000 girls in North America and Australasia. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood cancer mortality trends declined steadily in North America and Australasia, whereas they were less favorable in most Latin American countries. Priority must be given to closing the gap by providing high-quality care for all children with cancer worldwide. Cancer 2021;0:1-12.

Persistently high incidence rates of childhood acute leukemias from 2010 to 2017 in Mexico City: A population study from the MIGICCL

“…This type of ancestry has been consistently associated with a high incidence and poor prognosis of childhood ALL and in a recent study was reported that the Amerindian is the most prevalent ancestry in pediatric population of MC ( 148 , 149 ). Until date, the reasons behind this relationship has not been established and further investigation is required for explaining the high incidence and mortality rates observed in Hispanic populations ( 150 ).…”

De que morrem as crianças de 5 a 14 anos no estado do Rio de Janeiro? Análise do período 2000-2019

“…Estudo comparativo entre quatro países em desenvolvimento (Brasil, China, Índia e México) mostrou que as neoplasias estavam entre as três principais causas de óbito nas crianças de 5 a 14 anos de idade no Brasil, China e México 7 . Nosso resultado está em conformidade com o descrito na literatura, em que as leucemias e os tumores cerebrais são os tipos mais comuns de câncer pediátrico [24][25][26][27][28] . As neoplasias pediátricas, em geral, não são evitáveis ou identificáveis por meio de rastreamento.…”

“…No entanto, podem ser curadas em sua maioria e seu tratamento é custo-efetivo em qualquer cenário 29,30 . A morbimortalidade por câncer na infância reflete desigualdades profundas, segundo grau de desenvolvimento dos países 26,27 . Em países desenvolvidos, com melhor acesso a serviços e tratamento, mais de 80% das neoplasias pediátricas têm cura.…”

“…Em países de baixa e média renda, essa proporção se situa entre 15% e 45% 29 . Também é discrepante a tendência temporal da mortalidade: queda anual de 2% a 3% em países como Japão e Austrália, enquanto na América Latina há estabilidade nas taxas ou sua queda é ínfima 27 .…”

The Impact of Cancer-Related Fatigue on HRQOL in Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A DCCSS LATER Study

“…With a growing population of childhood cancer survivors (CCS) [ 1 , 2 , 3 ], early detection and management of the late effects of treatment and their impact on daily life has become a key goal of survivorship care [ 4 ]. Personalized cancer survivorship care [ 5 ], aimed at empowering survivors and supporting self-management, using Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs) to evaluate late effects, will become more and more important.…”