Childhood Bacterial Meningitis and Usefulness of C-reactive Protein

Prasad, PL; Nair, Mng; Kalghatgi, AT

doi:10.1016/s0377-1237(05)80110-8

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…A study from India reported 76% sensitivity of serum CRP for bacterial meningitis. 22 The sensitivity for serum CRP was low for viral encephalitis and tuberculous meningitis, but it was considerably high (87%) for cerebral malaria. The specificity for serum CRP was low in all the groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum C-Reactive Protein among Children with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome

Kumar

Tiwari³

et al. 2021

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

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Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the positivity of C-reactive protein (CRP) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum in children presented with clinical diagnosis of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES). Methods A total of 164 children between 6 months and 14 years with clinical diagnosis of AES were investigated. Qualitative CRP (slide agglutination) was determined in CSF and serum sample of each patient. On the basis of clinical examination and investigations, all the patients were divided into four groups as pyogenic meningitis, viral encephalitis, tuberculous meningitis, and cerebral malaria. The positivity of CRP in CSF and serum were compared in these groups. Results CSF CRP was found to be positive in the majority of patients with pyogenic meningitis and a statistically significant (p ≤ 0.001) association was found between CSF CRP and final diagnosis of AES, while this association was nonsignificant (p = 0.141) in case of serum CRP. When we compared the CSF and serum CRP, serum CRP was found to be more suggestive of tuberculous meningitis, viral encephalitis, and cerebral malaria while CSF CRP was more sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of pyogenic meningitis. Conclusion The sensitivity and specificity of CSF CRP for pyogenic meningitis was quite high. Serum CRP with a high sensitivity can be used as a screening test for different types of meningitis and cerebral malaria; however, its diagnostic accuracy has yet to be established.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum C-Reactive Protein among Children with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome

Kumar

Tiwari³

et al. 2021

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

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“…During infection, the complement system is activated to combat intruding pathogens. This represents the first line of defense by host innate immunity during BM (Prasad et al, 2005 ). Similarly, the complement system is known to play a key role in AD (McGeer and McGeer, 2002 ; O’Bryant et al, 2010 ) and AMD (Molins et al, 2018 ) disease pathogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During BM, the first line of innate immune defense involves activation of the host classical complement pathway to label the invading pathogen for eradication by immune cells, with subsequent inhibition of the alternative complement pathway by complement receptor 1, CFH, and complement protease complement factor I to prevent an excessive, tissue-damaging immune response. Activation of the classical complement pathway is induced by C-reactive protein (CRP), upregulation of which is common to BM (Prasad et al, 2005 ) and both AD (O’Bryant et al, 2010 ) and AMD (Molins et al, 2018 ). Furthermore, genetic polymorphism of the non-coding CFH gene has been shown to associate with reduced CFH level in the cerebrospinal fluid and increased mortality in both clinical and experimental BM (Kasanmoentalib et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Immunopathological Mechanisms In Bm That Are Shared With Agementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Inflammation and Infection in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases: Lessons From Bacterial Meningitis Applied to Alzheimer Disease and Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Too

Hunt

Simunovic

2021

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer disease (AD) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), are multifactorial and have diverse genetic and environmental risk factors. Despite the complex nature of the diseases, there is long-standing, and growing, evidence linking microbial infection to the development of AD dementia, which we summarize in this article. Also, we highlight emerging research findings that support a role for parainfection in the pathophysiology of AMD, a disease of the neurosensory retina that has been shown to share risk factors and pathological features with AD. Acute neurological infections, such as Bacterial Meningitis (BM), trigger inflammatory events that permanently change how the brain functions, leading to lasting cognitive impairment. Neuroinflammation likewise is a known pathological event that occurs in the early stages of chronic age-related neurodegenerative diseases AD and AMD and might be triggered as a parainfectious event. To date, at least 16 microbial pathogens have been linked to the development of AD; on the other hand, investigation of a microbe-AMD relationship is in its infancy. This mini-review article provides a synthesis of existing evidence indicating a contribution of parainfection in the aetiology of AD and of emerging findings that support a similar process in AMD. Subsequently, it describes the major immunopathological mechanisms that are common to BM and AD/AMD. Together, this evidence leads to our proposal that both AD and AMD may have an infectious aetiology that operates through a dysregulated inflammatory response, leading to deleterious outcomes. Last, it draws fresh insights from the existing literature about potential therapeutic options for BM that might alleviate neurological disruption associated with infections, and which could, by extension, be explored in the context of AD and AMD.

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“…Group 4 included 25 healthy children who were attending the outpatient clinic for routine vaccination or follow-up. Children recruited into group 1 of the study fulfilled the inclusion criteria, which included age between 6 months and 5 years, body temperature !38.5 C, negative C-reactive protein (to exclude patients whose seizures might be a consequence of central nervous system infection), 18 and no other identifiable cause of the seizure. The exclusion criteria for group 1 children were evidence of central nervous system infection detected clinically or age below 6 months and above 5 years old.…”

Section: Subjects and Methods Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Genetic Polymorphism of Pre-MicroRNA-146a rs2910164 and Serum High-Mobility Group Box 1 With Febrile Seizures in Egyptian Children

et al. 2014

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Interaction between immune-inflammatory process and genetic factors might be implicated in the pathogenesis of febrile seizures. Pre-microRNA (miR)-146a rs2910164 polymorphism is postulated to modulate expression of miR-146a whose anti-inflammatory role involves regulation of high-mobility group box 1. Our aim is to examine whether rs2910164 polymorphism influences serum high-mobility group box 1 levels and whether an association exists between both and febrile seizures. The study included 136 children, divided into 4 groups. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used for detection of rs2910164 polymorphism and high-mobility group box 1 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. High-mobility group box 1 levels were higher in febrile seizure patients compared to the other groups. Rs2910164 polymorphism was not associated with increased risk of febrile seizures. Rs2910164 polymorphism might be accompanied by an upregulation of the proinflammatory process as it might be associated with an increase in high-mobility group box 1 and leukocytic count.

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Childhood Bacterial Meningitis and Usefulness of C-reactive Protein

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum C-Reactive Protein among Children with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome

Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum C-Reactive Protein among Children with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome

The Role of Inflammation and Infection in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases: Lessons From Bacterial Meningitis Applied to Alzheimer Disease and Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Association of Genetic Polymorphism of Pre-MicroRNA-146a rs2910164 and Serum High-Mobility Group Box 1 With Febrile Seizures in Egyptian Children

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