Childhood.

Abstract

V^HEN THE INFANT begins to Creep he has become a child. His world expands enormously with each day of improving mobility. The insistent world of reality provides a vast laboratory for experimentation, full of exciting pleasure and discouraging frustration and pain. For a short time walking is for pleasure in tKe act itself, a pleasure much intensified by the pride and love so generously bestowed by parents. Soon walking becomes purposeful and secondary to a goal. Now the rules of the family as reflected in adult behavior become increasingly numerous, confusing, and conflicting. Gifts of love and acts of anger provide the child with guideposts to behavior, his own and that of adults. When adults are angry and strike or deprive (ignoring is also depriving), pleasure ceases. When he is angry and acts it out the adults react by being angry too. Thus, he' begins to leam that compliant and affectionate behavior are necessary if one is to get a similar gift in return. The difi^culty, of course, is that primitive impulses and egocentric behavior are strongly energized, thus making attempts at controlled aggression, however desirable, only partly and at first infrequently successful. Maturity will improve the score, but mankind never achieves a perfect game.The act of consciously restraining emotionally charged impulses 15

The Role of Standard-Setting Organizations with Regard to Balancing the Rights Between the Owners and the Users of Standard-Essential Patents

“…Once the standard is adopted, the company performs the second step: sues everybody who uses the afore-specified standard, unless the defendants agree to pay excessive royalty rates. 63 The competitors, who are using the standard, to which an entire industry has become economically committed, or locked in, 64 by the time when they get sued, have already made substantial investments in implementing this standard technology, and most likely will agree to pay excessive royalties to use it further. Such situation distorts competition and, according to Art.…”