Child witnesses: Effect of event knowledge on memory and suggestibility

Ricci, Christine M.; Beal, Carole R.

doi:10.1016/s0193-3973(99)80042-2

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Ðiame darbe buvo tiriamas ikimokyklinio amþiaus vaikø pasakojimø apie matytà ávyká tikslu-mas. Rezultatai patvirtina kitø autoriø duomenis, kad vaikø pasakojimai gali bûti gana tikslûs (Fivush et al, 2002;Ricci, Beal, 1998;Schneider, Bjorklund, 1998), todël nëra pagrindo abejoti vaikø pasakojimais vien dël jø nedidelio amþiaus. Taèiau bûtina atsiþvelgti á daugelá psichologiniø veiksniø, ið kuriø vienas svarbiausiø yra klausimø forma.…”

Section: Rezultatø Aptarimasunclassified

The influence of question format on accuracy of children’s testimony

Čėsnienė¹

2004

PSY

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Daugelio empirinių tyrimų duomenys patvirtino, kad ikimokyklinio amžiaus vaikai gali gana tiksliai prisiminti reikalingą informaciją, tačiau būtina atsižvelgti į vaikų parodymų tikslumui turinčius įtakos veiksnius. Šiame straipsnyje aptariamas vienas iš svarbiausių tokių veiksnių – klausimų formulavimas. Tyrimo tikslas – išsiaiškinti, kokią įtaką ikimokyklinio amžiaus vaikų pasakojimų tikslumui turi įvairios klausimų formos ir nustatyti, kaip vaikų pasakojimų tikslumas priklauso nuo pasakojimo turinio. Tyrime dalyvavo 6–7 metų vaikai. Jie buvo dukart apklausti apie Kalėdų šventę darželyje. Tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad vaikų pasakojimų tikslumas priklauso nuo klausimų formos: vaikai dažniau rinkosi neteisingą atsakymą į uždarus klausimus ir atsakymą „nežinau“ – į atvirus klausimus. Be to, nustatyta, kad vaikų prisiminimų tikslumas priklauso nuo pokalbio objekto: tiksliausi vaikų prisiminimai yra apie veiksmus, o netiksliausi – apie aplinkos detales ir pokalbius. Remiantis šio tyrimo rezultatais trumpai aptariamos praktinės vaikų liudytojų apklausos atlikimo rekomendacijos. THE INFLUENCE OF QUESTION FORMAT ON ACCURACY OF CHILDREN’S TESTIMONYIlona Čėsnienė SummaryA number of investigators have suggested that children, even preschoolers, can in fact recall a great deal of information accurately, but there are some important limitations, especially, question format. While analysing this limitation, it is important to state how the syntax of a question is related to the accuracy of narration and how investigators should formulate questions in order to get accurate and reliable responses. Moreover, the structure of a sentence influences the perception of a question and syntax in Lithuanian differs from Germanic languages, therefore it has been unclear whether the results of such investigations can be applied to the Lithuanian situation. Accordingly, the goal of the present study was to investigate the influence of question format on preschool-aged childre’s accuracy of narrative in different interviews. Whereas some studies have also showed that the content of information investigated (action, people, environment) is of great importance for the accuracy of children’s narrative, the influence of the content of informatikon was investigated in this study too.Children aged 6 to 7 years took part in a Christmas event. Three weeks later children were interviewed about the event for the first time; questions asked were of different format (open- and close-ended). Four months later the interview was repeated, some questions from the first interview were asked. Children’s accuracy of narration was estimated by two psychologists.The study showed that question format substantially influenced children’s responses: children frequently responded „I don’t know“ to open-ended questions, they were most likely to make errors if asked closeended questions. Therefore it is recommended to ask children more often open-ended questions, especially if the interview is repeated.Furthermore, it should be mentioned that children recalled less important details with greater difficulty in comparison with personally important information. More detailed analysis proved that the accuracy of narration depends on the content: the most accurate answers were given about actions, environment and verbal information were described less accurately. The difference in accuracy was statistically significant. Therefore it is recommended to ask young children more questions about actions.

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Section: Rezultatø Aptarimasunclassified

The influence of question format on accuracy of children’s testimony

Čėsnienė¹

2004

PSY

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“…The study found that children with previous exposure to the game performed better (i.e., improved quantity and accuracy o f information recalled) on a recall task when compared to adults who were categorized as chess novices (i.e., minimum prior exposure). Likewise, Ricci and Beal (1998) examined the link between recall accuracy and recognition accuracy when children (5-year-olds) were exposed to an event in both a familiar and an unfamiliar environment. The results suggest that young children did not perform better when identifying a perpetrator (i.e., recognition task), but performed with increased accuracy when recalling information about an event in a setting that was familiar to the child (e.g., birthday party), rather than an unfamiliar setting.…”

Section: Fam Iliarity and Developmental Recall M Em Orymentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of familiarity and stereotypes in recall memory for environments : a comparison of children and adults

Bruer¹

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The author has granted a non exclusive license allowing Library and Archives Canada to reproduce, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, communicate to the public by telecommunication or on the Internet, loan, distrbute and sell theses worldwide, for commercial or non commercial purposes, in microform, paper, electronic and/or any other formats. AVIS: L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, preter, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou autres formats. Bien que ces formulaires aient inclus dans la pagination, il n'y aura aucun contenu manquant.

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Child witnesses: Effect of event knowledge on memory and suggestibility

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

The influence of question format on accuracy of children’s testimony

The influence of question format on accuracy of children’s testimony

The role of familiarity and stereotypes in recall memory for environments : a comparison of children and adults

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